Wednesday, August 28th 2019

AMD to Cough Up $12.1 Million to Settle "Bulldozer" Core Count Class-Action Lawsuit

AMD reached a settlement in the Class Action Lawsuit filed against it, over alleged false-marketing of the core-counts of its eight-core FX-series processors based on the "Bulldozer" microarchitecture. Each member of the Class receives a one-time payout of USD $35 per chip, while the company takes a hit of $12.1 million. The lawsuit dates back to 2015, when Tony Dickey, representing himself in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, accused AMD of false-marketing of its FX-series "Bulldozer" processor of having 8 CPU cores. Over the following four years, the case gained traction as a Class Action was built against AMD this January.

In the months that followed the January set-up of a 12-member Jury to examine the case, lawyers representing the Class and AMD argued over the underlying technology that makes "Bulldozer" a multi-core processor, and eventually discussed what a fair settlement would be for the Class. They eventually agreed on a number - $12.1 million, or roughly $35 per chip AMD sold, which they agreed was "fair," and yet significantly less than the "$60 million in premiums" consumers contended they paid for these processors. Sifting through these numbers, it's important to understand what the Class consists of. It consists of U.S. consumers who became interested to be part of the Class Action, and who bought an 8-core processor based on the "Bulldozer" microarchitecture. It excludes consumers of every other "Bulldozer" derivative (4-core, 6-core parts, APUs; and follow-ups to "Bulldozer" such as "Piledriver," "Excavator," etc.).
Image Credit: Taylor Alger
Source: The Register
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291 Comments on AMD to Cough Up $12.1 Million to Settle "Bulldozer" Core Count Class-Action Lawsuit

#2
RichF
Ridiculous.

1) Meritless suit.

2) Only covers California purchases.

3) Doesn't even cover all of the 8 core consumer-grade FX chips.

o_O
Posted on Reply
#3
biffzinker
Always seen the first FX 8150 as nothing more than a Quad core with additional haradware to give the SMT extra punch when it could deliver.
Posted on Reply
#4
RichF
biffzinkerAlways seen the first FX 8150 as nothing more than a Quad core with additional haradware to give the SMT extra punch when it could deliver.
Intel's CPUs with hyperthreading enabled, since Nehalem, don't actually have the claimed thread count because hyperthreading has to be disabled because it's a fundamentally insecure implementation.

Intel's CPUs with hyperthreading enabled, on the market after hyperthreading's insecurity (which requires disabling hyperthreading to fix) was made public don't actually have the claimed thread count — because hyperthreading has to be disabled because it's a fundamentally insecure implementation.

CPUs, including Intel CPUs, that don't have AVX-512 enabled or included aren't real CPUs. They simply don't have real cores. Real cores have to have AVX-512.

CPUs that don't have AVX-512 enabled or included aren't real CPUs if they came out after Intel's first consumer-grade CPU with AVX-512 hit the market. These imitation CPUs don't have real cores. Real cores have AVX-512.

CPUs that don't have the ability to process AVX-256 in a single cycle aren't real CPUs.


These are the kind of claims that fit right in with this lawsuit and how you see the FX 8150. They are arbitrary decisions made by the viewer, not backed by reality. (The only one of those claims with any teeth is the claim that Intel shouldn't be selling hyperthreading CPUs with an insecure implementation under the claimed thread count, unless it can be proven that Intel withheld knowledge of its hyperthreading insecurity for a number of years, in which case earlier CPUs would also be relevant. I am including this claim in my sample, though, to illustrate a few points that I think people can figure out on their own, given the context.)

The FPU count of a core is an arbitrary matter. Many CPUs have been sold that didn't even have FPUs. No CPUs have ever been sold that only have FPU cores, which is why counting the number of integer cores is non-arbitrary.
Posted on Reply
#5
sutyi
lynx29tsk tsk AMD.
Bulldozer and it's iterations trough out the years had modules with two pipelines in them, so technically they did sell people said amount of processing cores albeit some of the front end and FP was shared.
Guess you can view these modules as double wide INT pipelines and call these 4C/8T instead of 8C/8T, but that would not be completely true now would it?

Did AMD lie about the architecture? Not really. Block diagrams show whats what. G
Did AMD lie about core counts? Bit of grey area depending on how one views the architecture as a whole.
Was Bulldozer uarch good? Hell no.
Does this entitle anyone to get money back cause they had chosen poorly even after the reviews? Not really at least in my opinion.

But seemingly you can sue back money if you band together with other people who had bought into FX even after reading trough the benchmarks, not once but even after years of Excator and Piledriver reviews.
'Murica at work right there.
Posted on Reply
#6
LDNL
These class actions are disgrace. Nobody wins exept the lawyers. There should be a real punishment system to get companies to follow to rule of law. These "settlements" are not even a slap on the wrist.
Posted on Reply
#7
RichF
LDNLThese class actions are disgrace. Nobody wins exept the lawyers. There should be a real punishment system to get companies to follow to rule of law. These "settlements" are not even a slap on the wrist.
You've already pointed to other people (not just lawyers) winning via these suits. Look at your post again. Who benefits from slaps on wrists? Not just lawyers. Lawyers are easy to blame but they're not the cause of the system of justice we have, certainly not the sole cause.

The system benefits the wealthy who don't care about the environment. In a nutshell.
Posted on Reply
#8
Frick
Fishfaced Nincompoop
RichFIntel's CPUs with hyperthreading enabled, since Nehalem, don't actually have the claimed thread count because hyperthreading has to be disabled because it's a fundamentally insecure implementation.

Intel's CPUs with hyperthreading enabled, on the market after hyperthreading's insecurity (which requires disabling hyperthreading to fix) was made public don't actually have the claimed thread count — because hyperthreading has to be disabled because it's a fundamentally insecure implementation.

CPUs, including Intel CPUs, that don't have AVX-512 enabled or included aren't real CPUs. They simply don't have real cores. Real cores have to have AVX-512.

CPUs that don't have AVX-512 enabled or included aren't real CPUs if they came out after Intel's first consumer-grade CPU with AVX-512 hit the market. These imitation CPUs don't have real cores. Real cores have AVX-512.

CPUs that don't have the ability to process AVX-256 in a single cycle aren't real CPUs.


These are the kind of claims that fit right in with this lawsuit and how you see the FX 8150. They are arbitrary decisions made by the viewer, not backed by reality. (The only one of those claims with any teeth is the claim that Intel shouldn't be selling hyperthreading CPUs with an insecure implementation under the claimed thread count, unless it can be proven that Intel withheld knowledge of its hyperthreading insecurity for a number of years, in which case earlier CPUs would also be relevant. I am including this claim in my sample, though, to illustrate a few points that I think people can figure out on their own, given the context.)

The FPU count of a core is an arbitrary matter. Many CPUs have been sold that didn't even have FPUs. No CPUs have ever been sold that only have FPU cores, which is why counting the number of integer cores is non-arbitrary.
I like to define a core as something a real man uses. I has cores, but not many, but after my core enhancement surgery I’ll be loaded with the bastards.

Anyway. Yawn. I don’t agree with this. Also wasn’t there a time when Windows displayed the 8xxx cpu’s as quad cores with SMT?
Posted on Reply
#9
Space Lynx
Astronaut
sutyiBulldozer and it's iterations trough out the years had modules with two pipelines in them, so technically they did sell people said amount of processing cores albeit some of the front end and FP was shared.
Guess you can view these modules as double wide INT pipelines and call these 4C/8T instead of 8C/8T, but that would not be completely true now would it?

Did AMD lie about the architecture? Not really. Block diagrams show whats what. G
Did AMD lie about core counts? Bit of grey area depending on how one views the architecture as a whole.
Was Bulldozer uarch good? Hell no.
Does this entitle anyone to get money back cause they had chosen poorly even after the reviews? Not really at least in my opinion.

But seemingly you can sue back money if you band together with other people who had bought into FX even after reading trough the benchmarks, not once but even after years of Excator and Piledriver reviews.
'Murica at work right there.
You misunderstand, I actually don't care either way, I mean tsk tsk as in AMD's legal department wasn't smart enough to prevent this sort of thing to begin with. I'm sure Nvidia consults many lawyers over every tiny little detail, but even then they aren't perfect, aka the .5 gb of vram debate LOL nvidia lost that one in a lawsuit too

these things are going to happen in this industry, they happen to all of them, I honestly don't think it has anything to do with deceit really. /shrug most people go to work 9 to 5, they don't live and breathe this stuff like a lot of us here do... also /reddit showerthoughts - maybe these companies should hire us as consultants LOL
Posted on Reply
#10
GreiverBlade
biffzinkerAlways seen the first FX 8150 as nothing more than a Quad core with additional hardware to give the SMT extra punch when it could deliver.
but there was 8 Physical core .... only the FP, scheduler was shared ... so it was a octacore no matter how you look at it, which in term of performance it gave them 80% of a octacore so basically just like a hexacore but with 8 Physical cores, extra hardware core are a core.
Posted on Reply
#11
FordGT90Concept
"I go fast!1!11!1!"
This post...
FordGT90ConceptHow many "cores" do you see in this picture?

How many in this picture?

Remember, Feng's slides saying "core replication obvious." The defense has the uphill battle here, not the plaintiff. The pictures above make the plaintiff's case as plain as day. Honestly, AMD is better off settling out of court.
…totally called it, especially that last sentence.

AMD could never win this argument without changing over a decade of precedents including by competitors like Sun, ARM, IBM, Intel, and even themselves (Athlon 64 X2). "Integer core" got lost in marketing translation to become something it isn't, a "core." If AMD accurately advertised the product as having "8 integer cores" this lawsuit would have never been filed.
Posted on Reply
#12
seronx
biffzinkerAlways seen the first FX 8150 as nothing more than a Quad core with additional haradware to give the SMT extra punch when it could deliver.
In which, you are wrong.
sutyiBulldozer and it's iterations trough out the years had modules with two pipelines in them, so technically they did sell people said amount of processing cores albeit some of the front end and FP was shared.
Guess you can view these modules as double wide INT pipelines and call these 4C/8T instead of 8C/8T, but that would not be completely true now would it?
Bulldozer and forwards are dual-core modules, or monolithic dual-cores without the glue. The front-end, floating-point unit, and L2 unit might be shared, but they are heavily optimized for dual-core(thus, dual-threaded) functionality.
Posted on Reply
#13
FordGT90Concept
"I go fast!1!11!1!"
seronxBulldozer and forwards are dual-core modules, or monolithic dual-cores without the glue. The front-end, floating-point unit, and L2 unit might be shared, but they are heavily optimized for dual-core(thus, dual-threaded) functionality.
Nope, the "modules" are in fact dual-thread cores (see second point #5 in the quote below: Core Interface Unit). Cores are wholistic CPUs which "integer cores" are not:
FordGT90ConceptMaybe you can't, but I (and others) did, repeatedly. Have a recap:
1. Shared fetcher.
2. Depending on iteration, shared decoder.
3. Depending on iteration, shared dispatcher.
4. Shared floating point units.
5. Shared Core Interface Unit.
...we also got into why these are a problem:
1. The fetcher is incapable of saturating the ALUs in a lot of cases where it has to service both integer clusters. Thuban was able to in the same scenarios.
2. + 3. AMD choose to split the decoder and dispatcher for reasons revolving around power efficiency and performance.
4. AMD was really fixated on the idea that GPUs would take over FPU so, per thread, Bulldozer really offers no improvement over Thuban. Because collisions can happen, in practice it can be slower.
5. All communication with the rest of the system flows through this unit. Windows 10 sees the Core Interface Unit and believes it is looking at a core. It looks at the fetcher offering to take two threads and interprets that as two logical processors.

Overall, a Bulldozer module is a lot of transistors short of a dual-core. That was their intent, after all.
This is evidenced in various benchmarks that show under many load conditions, Bulldozer's performance plummets compared to Thuban cores (predating Bulldozer). Either advertising on Thuban was wrong, or Bulldozer is wrong. Thuban fit the mold of what is a core, Bulldozer does not; ergo, Bulldozer was misrepresented, not Thuban.
Posted on Reply
#14
seronx
FordGT90ConceptNope, the "modules" are in fact dual-thread cores.
Nope, the dual-core modules are in fact two single-thread cores.

=> Each core is dedicated to a thread and contains a four-wide integer execution unit, issue/retire logic, 16-KB four-way set associative L1data cache, and a load/store unit.
Of which there are two.
FordGT90ConceptCores are wholistic CPUs which "integer cores" are not. This is evidenced in various benchmarks that show under many load conditions, Bulldozer's performance plummets compared to Thuban cores (predating Bulldozer). Either advertising on Thuban was wrong, or Bulldozer is wrong. Thuban fit the mold of what is a core, Bulldozer does not; ergo, Bulldozer was misrepresented, not Thuban.
None of this proves what you have stated.
FordGT90Concept1. The fetcher is incapable of saturating the ALUs in a lot of cases where it has to service both integer clusters. Thuban was able to in the same scenarios.
2. + 3. AMD choose to split the decoder and dispatcher for reasons revolving around power efficiency and performance.
4. AMD was really fixated on the idea that GPUs would take over FPU so, per thread, Bulldozer really offers no improvement over Thuban. Because collisions can happen, in practice it can be slower.
1. 4 macro-ops goes to 4 ALUs+4 AGUs
2. The split decoder is 2 macro-ops for 2 ALUs+2 AGUs.
3. The FPU has 2x 128-bit FMACs + 2x 128-bit MMXs; 2x the FMA capability and 2x the FMISC capability compared to Thuban.
Posted on Reply
#15
FordGT90Concept
"I go fast!1!11!1!"
Cores share nothing other than memory ("core replication is obvious"). Bulldozer violates that by sharing fetchers, decoders, dispatchers, and Core Interface Unit. That's shared logic, not just memory.
Posted on Reply
#16
RichF
FrickAnyway. Yawn. I don’t agree with this. Also wasn’t there a time when Windows displayed the 8xxx cpu’s as quad cores with SMT?
Windows has bugs so you'll have to come up with a stronger argument. It's common for software, from CPU-Z to Sandra to anything else that displays spec info — to get those specs wrong until the software is fully updated.

Windows had never seen a CPU with Bulldozer's configuration before. There is also the matter of arbitrary/political choices made by coders and their managers.
FordGT90ConceptCores share nothing other than memory.
Citation please.
Posted on Reply
#17
seronx
FordGT90ConceptCores share nothing other than memory. Bulldozer violates that by sharing fetchers, decoders, dispatchers, and Core Interface Unit. That's shared logic, not just memory.
Um no.

A core only needs an instruction bus, a control unit, a datapath, and a data bus.

img.techpowerup.org/190828/core-replication-is-obvious.png
Posted on Reply
#18
PanicLake
What a shitty money grab law suit.
Posted on Reply
#20
FordGT90Concept
"I go fast!1!11!1!"
thedukesd1Why AMD insisted with the Faildozer revisions is beyond my understanding. At that time the only real solution to upgrade from a K10 family cpu was an Intel CPU.
Because of a paper written in the 2000s that suggested you could vastly improve integer performance with only a 10-15% increase in transistors by having more than one integer cluster per core. AMD tried it and it didn't go over so great because software couldn't really make heads or tails of the thing. Software was compiled for complete processors, not dual-thread--asymmetric processor designs. Bulldozer could have been great if software was compiled to take advantage of it. ...but that doesn't really matter because AMD still lied about how many "cores" their Bulldozer products had.
Posted on Reply
#21
seronx
thedukesd1When "Bulldozer" was released how many PC CPUs (sold as new) had less FPU cores count compared to integer cores?
Bulldozer's FPU is in fact two FPUs in one. It is shared between the cores because that was a key advantage of a monolithic dual-core over a glued dual-core.
Posted on Reply
#22
FordGT90Concept
"I go fast!1!11!1!"
Do a 256-bit FMAC operation and the thread on the other integer cluster is stalled until it completes. Impossible on a dual-core processor.
Posted on Reply
#23
seronx
FordGT90ConceptDo a 256-bit FMAC operation and the thread on the other integer cluster is stalled until it completes. Impossible on a dual-core processor.
None of the general purposes cores get stalled from anything on the FPU core. They are distinct from the FPU.
Posted on Reply
#24
RichF
thedukesd1When "Bulldozer" was released how many PC CPUs (sold as new) had less FPU cores count compared to integer cores?

"Bulldozer" architecture was and still is a disgrace.
The FX-4100 running at 3,6Ghz (can boost to 3,8 Ghz) is advertised as a 4 cores cpu.
Athlon II x4 640 is running at 3 Ghz (no boost) and is a 4 cores cpu.
Main problem is that in single-threaded performance the FX-4100 is scaling worst that the Athlon II x4 640 and in term of multi-threaded performance the FX-4100 is actualy worst than the Athlon II x4 640.
So basicaly we had a newer architecture that had worst performance/clock compared to the older architecture. This is something that you see during development phase. So what's the point to push on the market a product that sucks compared to the older architecture?!?

Why AMD insisted with the Faildozer revisions is beyond my understanding. At that time the only real solution to upgrade from a K10 family cpu was an Intel CPU (visible in their shitty market share during Faildozer era).

If it was me taking the call at AMD after seeing how crap is the Faildozer architecture I would had see if it's possible to actually get a bit higher clocks from K10 family and add SSE 4.1/4.2 and AVX and actually try to work on a new CPU architecture (trust me without a single person that took part in the development of Faildozer).

Not really related to this topic. I kinda got tired and sick of people praising/defending AMD. They kinda forget that AMD actually wanted to sell Faildozer at some prices that have nothing to do with the reality of that architecture, that in Windows case AMD drivers were and still are pure junk, that AMD decided to no longer release drivers for Win 8.1 an use that still has more than 3 years to live, that each Ryzen release iteration has been full of problems (you kinda expect the 3rd iteration to be smooth but well not in AMD case... most likely because they just rush the products on the market without real testing something that I said about AMD 7 years ago). I'm not bashing AMD, just pointing to problems that AMD just doesn't care! I don't like Intel or Nvidia, the deal is that Intel, Nvidia and AMD have all 3 shady marketing technique (people accused NVIDIA of crippling the performance of older architectures in drivers, if you think AMD is better maybe you should check better because AMD might had done something that is far worst).
The performance of Bulldozer isn't relevant here.

The value of Bulldozer isn't relevant here.

How "shady" various corporations is isn't relevant here, with the possible exception of pointing out that corporations are shady by definition because profit is extracted by selling things for more than their worth. In order to do that, people must be tricked into parting with more of their money than they should.

What is relevant is the technical definition of a core. As I already posted, FPUs are not even required to have a CPU core. Please, at least, try to rebut what I've said instead of ignoring my arguments entirely. I've done more than just point out that FPUs aren't required.
Posted on Reply
#25
Unregistered
FordGT90ConceptSoftware was compiled for complete processors, not dual-thread--asymmetric processor designs. Bulldozer could have been great if software was compiled to take advantage of it. ...
Well AMD at that point didn't had the highest market share in pc cpu area. Also when you develop a new cpu you also need to make sure that older software that might not see any optimization for you new cpu architecture are running better on your new cpus.
Both are important. First one because if you are the maket leader newer software will probably be optimized for your newer architecture and maybe some of the older software will see optimizations. Second is also important because if older software runs like crap on your new cpu architecture you might not really sell that many cpus.

By development I understand more than cpu design phase, I also understand the samples testing phase. During samples testing it's impossible not to see them underperforming with the existing software and in this situation you need to go back to design phase and fix what is wrong.
As the underdog if you expect the software to get optimized for your architecture then you are kinda suicidal. The software developers are not really gonna bother, they gonna point that their software works better on your older architecture and on your competition cpus and are not gonna waste their time with your architecture and as result your cpus are gonna perform badly and you are not gonna sell...
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