• Welcome to TechPowerUp Forums, Guest! Please check out our forum guidelines for info related to our community.

Noctua Presents Redux line CPU Cooler and Second Fan Kit

btarunr

Editor & Senior Moderator
Staff member
Joined
Oct 9, 2007
Messages
46,371 (7.67/day)
Location
Hyderabad, India
System Name RBMK-1000
Processor AMD Ryzen 7 5700G
Motherboard ASUS ROG Strix B450-E Gaming
Cooling DeepCool Gammax L240 V2
Memory 2x 8GB G.Skill Sniper X
Video Card(s) Palit GeForce RTX 2080 SUPER GameRock
Storage Western Digital Black NVMe 512GB
Display(s) BenQ 1440p 60 Hz 27-inch
Case Corsair Carbide 100R
Audio Device(s) ASUS SupremeFX S1220A
Power Supply Cooler Master MWE Gold 650W
Mouse ASUS ROG Strix Impact
Keyboard Gamdias Hermes E2
Software Windows 11 Pro
Noctua today presented the NH-U12S redux, the first CPU cooler within its redux line of products. True to the spirit of the redux line, the NH-U12S redux takes the proven concept of the original, award-winning NH-U12S and reduces it to its essential core: a quiet, quality-made 120 mm cooler with streamlined accessories that is highly compatible, easy to install and accessibly priced. With the NA-FK1 second fan kit, the NH-U12S redux can be upgraded to a push/pull dual-fan configuration for further improved performance.

"Our redux line fans have earned an excellent reputation for providing trusted Noctua quality without breaking the bank", says Roland Mossig (Noctua CEO). "Today, we're proud to present our first redux line CPU cooler, which does exactly the same thing. We're confident that the NH-U12S redux will be a perfect choice for anybody who has always wanted a Noctua heatsink but couldn't quite justify the investment."



The NH-U12S redux is a streamlined, accessibly priced version of the iconic NH-U12S that has established itself as a benchmark for slim, highly compatible 120 mm CPU coolers. The redux version uses the same proven heatsink layout that guarantees 100% compatibility with tall RAM modules as well as excellent case and PCIe compatibility. Thanks to the popular NF-P12 redux-1700 PWM fan that supports automatic speed control through the motherboard, it provides high performance under load and runs whisper-quiet at idle. At the same time, Noctua's renowned, professional SecuFirm2 mounting system and the pre-applied NT-H1 thermal compound make installation a breeze. Backed up with Noctua's trusted 6-year manufacturer's warranty, the NH-U12S redux is a smart, affordable choice for a quiet, high-quality 120 mm cooler.

Just like with Noctua's more expensive coolers, future mounting upgrade kits for the NH-U12S redux will be provided free of charge if technically possible, making it a safe long-term investment.

Users who would like to further improve the cooling efficiency of the NH-U12S redux can do so with the newly introduced, optional NA-FK1 kit that contains a second NF-P12 redux-1700 PWM fan, fan clips, anti-vibration pads, a y-cable and Low-Noise Adaptors. By upgrading the cooler to a push/pull-style dual-fan setup, the NA-FK1 makes it possible to achieve even better performance or to reduce noise levels by having two fans running at lower speeds.

Suggested retail prices
The manufacturer's suggested retail prices are EUR/USD 49.90 for the NH-U12S redux and EUR/USD 16.90 for the NA-FK1.

Availability
Both the CPU cooler and the second fan kit are available as of today via Noctua's official Amazon stores.

For more information,visit the product pages of the NH-U12S redux and NA-FK1.

View at TechPowerUp Main Site
 
Joined
Oct 28, 2012
Messages
1,159 (0.28/day)
Processor AMD Ryzen 3700x
Motherboard asus ROG Strix B-350I Gaming
Cooling Deepcool LS520 SE
Memory crucial ballistix 32Gb DDR4
Video Card(s) RTX 3070 FE
Storage WD sn550 1To/WD ssd sata 1To /WD black sn750 1To/Seagate 2To/WD book 4 To back-up
Display(s) LG GL850
Case Dan A4 H2O
Audio Device(s) sennheiser HD58X
Power Supply Corsair SF600
Mouse MX master 3
Keyboard Master Key Mx
Software win 11 pro
49€90 ? I hope that it perform as well as the classic NH-U12s
1615891428492.png
 
Joined
Feb 20, 2019
Messages
7,304 (3.86/day)
System Name Bragging Rights
Processor Atom Z3735F 1.33GHz
Motherboard It has no markings but it's green
Cooling No, it's a 2.2W processor
Memory 2GB DDR3L-1333
Video Card(s) Gen7 Intel HD (4EU @ 311MHz)
Storage 32GB eMMC and 128GB Sandisk Extreme U3
Display(s) 10" IPS 1280x800 60Hz
Case Veddha T2
Audio Device(s) Apparently, yes
Power Supply Samsung 18W 5V fast-charger
Mouse MX Anywhere 2
Keyboard Logitech MX Keys (not Cherry MX at all)
VR HMD Samsung Oddyssey, not that I'd plug it into this though....
Software W10 21H1, barely
Benchmark Scores I once clocked a Celeron-300A to 564MHz on an Abit BE6 and it scored over 9000.
I can't actually see what's missing. The heatsink looks incredibly similar to the current NH-U12S and you still get the free mounting upgrades and warranty.

As far as I can tell, this is a €10 discount and you get a better colour fan at the same time.
 
Joined
Jan 28, 2012
Messages
467 (0.10/day)
Location
Lithuania
Processor Intel Core i5 4670K @ 4.8 GHz
Motherboard AsRock Z87 Extreme 4
Cooling Lepa NeoIllusion RGB CPU cooler
Memory 2*4GB Patriot G2 Series RAM
Video Card(s) MSI Radeon R9 380 4GB
Storage Transcend SSD 740 256GB + WD Caviar Blue 1TB
Display(s) Samsung SA 300 24" Full HD
Case NZXT Phantom 530 + Bitfenix Recon fan controller
Audio Device(s) Creative SB0770 X-Fi Xtreme Gamer
Power Supply PC Power and Cooling Silencer MkIII 750W 80+ Gold
Mouse Logitech G502
Keyboard Steelseries Apex RAW
Benchmark Scores IT WORKS
Well, I expected that this will cost as other Hyper 212 sized coolers - around 30 - 40 eur. At least it fits better for systems interior
 
Joined
Oct 18, 2013
Messages
5,467 (1.42/day)
Location
Everywhere all the time all at once
System Name The Little One
Processor i5-11320H @4.4GHZ
Motherboard AZW SEI
Cooling Fan w/heat pipes + side & rear vents
Memory 64GB Crucial DDR4-3200 (2x 32GB)
Video Card(s) Iris XE
Storage WD Black SN850X 4TB m.2, Seagate 2TB SSD + SN850 4TB x2 in an external enclosure
Display(s) 2x Samsung 43" & 2x 32"
Case Practically identical to a mac mini, just purrtier in slate blue, & with 3x usb ports on the front !
Audio Device(s) Yamaha ATS-1060 Bluetooth Soundbar & Subwoofer
Power Supply 65w brick
Mouse Logitech MX Master 2
Keyboard Logitech G613 mechanical wireless
Software Windows 10 pro 64 bit, with all the unnecessary background shitzu turned OFF !
Benchmark Scores PDQ
I like it ...

But I'm not a big fan of tower coolers in general, so there's that. And at least they are finally producing fans in a color other than that GAWD-awful baby-shit brown, hehehe :D
 
Joined
Jun 13, 2019
Messages
483 (0.27/day)
System Name Fractal
Processor Intel Core i5 13600K
Motherboard Asus ProArt Z790 Creator WiFi
Cooling Arctic Cooling Liquid Freezer II 360
Memory 16GBx2 G.SKILL Ripjaws S5 DDR5 6000 CL30-40-40-96 (F5-6000J3040F16GX2-RS5K)
Video Card(s) PNY RTX A2000 6GB
Storage SK Hynix Platinum P41 2TB
Display(s) LG 34GK950F-B (34"/IPS/1440p/21:9/144Hz/FreeSync)
Case Fractal Design R6 Gunmetal Blackout w/ USB-C
Audio Device(s) Steelseries Arctis 7 Wireless/Klipsch Pro-Media 2.1BT
Power Supply Seasonic Prime 850w 80+ Titanium
Mouse Logitech G700S
Keyboard Corsair K68
Software Windows 11 Pro
Joined
Oct 28, 2012
Messages
1,159 (0.28/day)
Processor AMD Ryzen 3700x
Motherboard asus ROG Strix B-350I Gaming
Cooling Deepcool LS520 SE
Memory crucial ballistix 32Gb DDR4
Video Card(s) RTX 3070 FE
Storage WD sn550 1To/WD ssd sata 1To /WD black sn750 1To/Seagate 2To/WD book 4 To back-up
Display(s) LG GL850
Case Dan A4 H2O
Audio Device(s) sennheiser HD58X
Power Supply Corsair SF600
Mouse MX master 3
Keyboard Master Key Mx
Software win 11 pro
I can't actually see what's missing. The heatsink looks incredibly similar to the current NH-U12S and you still get the free mounting upgrades and warranty.

As far as I can tell, this is a €10 discount and you get a better colour fan at the same time.
There's one less hetapipe
 
Joined
Feb 20, 2019
Messages
7,304 (3.86/day)
System Name Bragging Rights
Processor Atom Z3735F 1.33GHz
Motherboard It has no markings but it's green
Cooling No, it's a 2.2W processor
Memory 2GB DDR3L-1333
Video Card(s) Gen7 Intel HD (4EU @ 311MHz)
Storage 32GB eMMC and 128GB Sandisk Extreme U3
Display(s) 10" IPS 1280x800 60Hz
Case Veddha T2
Audio Device(s) Apparently, yes
Power Supply Samsung 18W 5V fast-charger
Mouse MX Anywhere 2
Keyboard Logitech MX Keys (not Cherry MX at all)
VR HMD Samsung Oddyssey, not that I'd plug it into this though....
Software W10 21H1, barely
Benchmark Scores I once clocked a Celeron-300A to 564MHz on an Abit BE6 and it scored over 9000.
There's one less hetapipe
Oh yeah. Then that's a pass. You can pick up decent 4-heatpipe 120mm heatsinks from €20.

€50 for a compromised heatsink and Noctua's second-rate fans isn't anything to be pleased with. Perhaps these will drop to under €40 street price where they will look more competitive with other decent 120mm quad-heatpipe offerings like the Arctic Freezer 34, Deepcool Gammax, Hyper212 Black Edition, or BQ Pure Rock 2 or 3 all at the sub-€40 price point and two of those using higher-quality fans, better aesthetics with anodised fins and top covers/heatpipe covers.

At €50 it's a worse proposition than some of the Thermalright or BeQuiet stuff, but as already mentioned, it looks like a much worse deal than Noctua's own NH-U12S.
 
Joined
Jan 12, 2015
Messages
38 (0.01/day)
The article did mention it but I wanted to put a spotlight on it anyway: NT-H1 is pre-applied to the base. Not sure how I feel about that. I like using those graphite pads so not really good for me personally. But if I were building someone else's machine then that's a darn nice time saver. I've always appreciated it with the stock heatsinks anyway.

Also, I don't like how they called it the "NH-U12S redux". Way too similar to the "NH-U12S" that has an additional heatpipe over this one. If anything this should be called the "NH-U12P redux" since that came with 4 heatpipes as well.
 

FreedomEclipse

~Technological Technocrat~
Joined
Apr 20, 2007
Messages
23,371 (3.76/day)
Location
London,UK
System Name Codename: Icarus Mk.VI
Processor Intel 8600k@Stock -- pending tuning
Motherboard Asus ROG Strixx Z370-F
Cooling CPU: BeQuiet! Dark Rock Pro 4 {1xCorsair ML120 Pro|5xML140 Pro}
Memory 32GB XPG Gammix D10 {2x16GB}
Video Card(s) ASUS Dual Radeon™ RX 6700 XT OC Edition
Storage Samsung 970 Evo 512GB SSD (Boot)|WD SN770 (Gaming)|2x 3TB Toshiba DT01ACA300|2x 2TB Crucial BX500
Display(s) LG GP850-B
Case Corsair 760T (White)
Audio Device(s) Yamaha RX-V573|Speakers: JBL Control One|Auna 300-CN|Wharfedale Diamond SW150
Power Supply Corsair AX760
Mouse Logitech G900
Keyboard Duckyshine Dead LED(s) III
Software Windows 10 Pro
Benchmark Scores (ノಠ益ಠ)ノ彡┻━┻
Last edited:
Joined
May 2, 2017
Messages
7,762 (3.05/day)
Location
Back in Norway
System Name Hotbox
Processor AMD Ryzen 7 5800X, 110/95/110, PBO +150Mhz, CO -7,-7,-20(x6),
Motherboard ASRock Phantom Gaming B550 ITX/ax
Cooling LOBO + Laing DDC 1T Plus PWM + Corsair XR5 280mm + 2x Arctic P14
Memory 32GB G.Skill FlareX 3200c14 @3800c15
Video Card(s) PowerColor Radeon 6900XT Liquid Devil Ultimate, UC@2250MHz max @~200W
Storage 2TB Adata SX8200 Pro
Display(s) Dell U2711 main, AOC 24P2C secondary
Case SSUPD Meshlicious
Audio Device(s) Optoma Nuforce μDAC 3
Power Supply Corsair SF750 Platinum
Mouse Logitech G603
Keyboard Keychron K3/Cooler Master MasterKeys Pro M w/DSA profile caps
Software Windows 10 Pro
They have been making these industrial grey redux line of fans for something like 2 years.
2? I have a redux fan in my NAS that is at least six years old.
 

FreedomEclipse

~Technological Technocrat~
Joined
Apr 20, 2007
Messages
23,371 (3.76/day)
Location
London,UK
System Name Codename: Icarus Mk.VI
Processor Intel 8600k@Stock -- pending tuning
Motherboard Asus ROG Strixx Z370-F
Cooling CPU: BeQuiet! Dark Rock Pro 4 {1xCorsair ML120 Pro|5xML140 Pro}
Memory 32GB XPG Gammix D10 {2x16GB}
Video Card(s) ASUS Dual Radeon™ RX 6700 XT OC Edition
Storage Samsung 970 Evo 512GB SSD (Boot)|WD SN770 (Gaming)|2x 3TB Toshiba DT01ACA300|2x 2TB Crucial BX500
Display(s) LG GP850-B
Case Corsair 760T (White)
Audio Device(s) Yamaha RX-V573|Speakers: JBL Control One|Auna 300-CN|Wharfedale Diamond SW150
Power Supply Corsair AX760
Mouse Logitech G900
Keyboard Duckyshine Dead LED(s) III
Software Windows 10 Pro
Benchmark Scores (ノಠ益ಠ)ノ彡┻━┻
Joined
Dec 18, 2019
Messages
196 (0.12/day)
Noctua is like the Fractal Design of case fans now: Riding out the same design for years with little change, if any.
Not to say this isn’t a good product, especially with Noctua’s quality, but it’s rare these days for them to release anything exciting.
I guess we’ll see how it goes when they (eventually) release the chromax NF-A12x25’s.
 
Joined
Apr 27, 2012
Messages
16 (0.00/day)
Budget cooler which costs... 49€? Ahahah, as expected from Noctua. Said it here first. As long as there are people swooning over these brands (like the one mentioned in the post above), they'll just keep milking it.
 
D

Deleted member 205776

Guest
Budget cooler which costs... 49€? Ahahah, as expected from Noctua. Said it here first. As long as there are people swooning over these brands (like the one mentioned in the post above), they'll just keep milking it.
I'd pay the extra 10€ for that, considering the Freezer 34 Duo, a supposed budget cooler, is 10€ less but those BioniX fans on it are just not pleasing to listen to.

At least by getting a Noctua I know I'm getting quality fan(s). And their customer support is up there with EVGA's if not surpassing it.

And at least they are finally producing fans in a color other than that GAWD-awful baby-shit brown, hehehe :D
Whatever it may be. I prefer Chromax, but I would much rather have Noctua brown over RGB fans, any day of the week, any week of the month, any month of the year. That brown and beige color is a signature of quality and not something that screams "G A M E R".
 
Last edited by a moderator:
Joined
Dec 26, 2016
Messages
281 (0.11/day)
Processor Ryzen 3900x
Motherboard B550M Steel Legend
Cooling XPX (custom loop)
Memory 32GB 3200MHz cl16
Video Card(s) 3080 with Bykski block (custom loop)
Storage 980 Pro
Case Fractal 804
Power Supply Focus Plus Gold 750FX
Mouse G603
Keyboard G610 brown
Software yes, lots!
Wow, what a bargain! The original u12s cost 58€ and this one with a weaker heatsink and a slightly worse fan and fewer cables and adapter costs 49.99€?
For 8€ less I can easily 'justify' buying this thing. They have really put a lot of thought into that! :-/

Dont get me wrong, own 6 brown ones and one Redux fan, and they are all really great!
But they are just too damn expensive, even the redux ones!

I just put a custom loop in my rig last week and had to choose four 120mm fans for my radiators. So I bought a 5-pack of Arctic P12 PWM for 17€, this would have given me ONE NF-F12 PWM or HALF of a NF-A12 PWM. Come on these fans are good, better than all others even, but they are not THAT much better!
 
Last edited:
Joined
May 2, 2017
Messages
7,762 (3.05/day)
Location
Back in Norway
System Name Hotbox
Processor AMD Ryzen 7 5800X, 110/95/110, PBO +150Mhz, CO -7,-7,-20(x6),
Motherboard ASRock Phantom Gaming B550 ITX/ax
Cooling LOBO + Laing DDC 1T Plus PWM + Corsair XR5 280mm + 2x Arctic P14
Memory 32GB G.Skill FlareX 3200c14 @3800c15
Video Card(s) PowerColor Radeon 6900XT Liquid Devil Ultimate, UC@2250MHz max @~200W
Storage 2TB Adata SX8200 Pro
Display(s) Dell U2711 main, AOC 24P2C secondary
Case SSUPD Meshlicious
Audio Device(s) Optoma Nuforce μDAC 3
Power Supply Corsair SF750 Platinum
Mouse Logitech G603
Keyboard Keychron K3/Cooler Master MasterKeys Pro M w/DSA profile caps
Software Windows 10 Pro
Noctua is like the Fractal Design of case fans now: Riding out the same design for years with little change, if any.
Not to say this isn’t a good product, especially with Noctua’s quality, but it’s rare these days for them to release anything exciting.
I guess we’ll see how it goes when they (eventually) release the chromax NF-A12x25’s.
The entire point of the Redux series is that it consists of simplified, cost-down variants of existing designs. Asking for innovation in that series doesn't make much sense. As for innovation - they're notoriously slow in terms of R&D, but the NF-A12x25 is still the best fan around (though the Arctic P12 comes close, and Thermaltake's copy is reportedly good), and the NH-U12A was a brand new design. They've also got quite a few new fans and coolers in the pipeline - an NF-A14x25 among others, as well as several updated or new CPU coolers.
 
Joined
May 3, 2018
Messages
2,285 (1.05/day)
LOL 2 Noctua chromax 140mm fans cost the same as my entire Phanteks P500A case in Australia, their prices are truly insane. I'll stick to Arctic thanks at about 25% the price.
 
D

Deleted member 205776

Guest
If only Arctic made fans that didn't have the shittiest motor resonance noise I've ever heard.
 
Joined
May 2, 2017
Messages
7,762 (3.05/day)
Location
Back in Norway
System Name Hotbox
Processor AMD Ryzen 7 5800X, 110/95/110, PBO +150Mhz, CO -7,-7,-20(x6),
Motherboard ASRock Phantom Gaming B550 ITX/ax
Cooling LOBO + Laing DDC 1T Plus PWM + Corsair XR5 280mm + 2x Arctic P14
Memory 32GB G.Skill FlareX 3200c14 @3800c15
Video Card(s) PowerColor Radeon 6900XT Liquid Devil Ultimate, UC@2250MHz max @~200W
Storage 2TB Adata SX8200 Pro
Display(s) Dell U2711 main, AOC 24P2C secondary
Case SSUPD Meshlicious
Audio Device(s) Optoma Nuforce μDAC 3
Power Supply Corsair SF750 Platinum
Mouse Logitech G603
Keyboard Keychron K3/Cooler Master MasterKeys Pro M w/DSA profile caps
Software Windows 10 Pro
If only Arctic made fans that didn't have the shittiest motor resonance noise I've ever heard.
Is the Bionix series really that different from the regular P series? I don't have either myself, but I've heard good quality recordings of the P12 and P14 with no such issues.
 
D

Deleted member 205776

Guest
Is the Bionix series really that different from the regular P series? I don't have either myself, but I've heard good quality recordings of the P12 and P14 with no such issues.
BioniX are louder. The regular ones have motor resonance noises which are unbearable.
 
Joined
May 2, 2017
Messages
7,762 (3.05/day)
Location
Back in Norway
System Name Hotbox
Processor AMD Ryzen 7 5800X, 110/95/110, PBO +150Mhz, CO -7,-7,-20(x6),
Motherboard ASRock Phantom Gaming B550 ITX/ax
Cooling LOBO + Laing DDC 1T Plus PWM + Corsair XR5 280mm + 2x Arctic P14
Memory 32GB G.Skill FlareX 3200c14 @3800c15
Video Card(s) PowerColor Radeon 6900XT Liquid Devil Ultimate, UC@2250MHz max @~200W
Storage 2TB Adata SX8200 Pro
Display(s) Dell U2711 main, AOC 24P2C secondary
Case SSUPD Meshlicious
Audio Device(s) Optoma Nuforce μDAC 3
Power Supply Corsair SF750 Platinum
Mouse Logitech G603
Keyboard Keychron K3/Cooler Master MasterKeys Pro M w/DSA profile caps
Software Windows 10 Pro
BioniX are louder. The regular ones have motor resonance noises which are unbearable.
It stands to reason that they are louder, given that they run much, much faster - the main reason why I've been considering them (to replace my current BQ SW3s). But it's weird that you say the regular ones have motor resonance noises, given that they aren't at all audible in tests like Optimum Tech's video. The NF-A12x25 is undoubtedly more pleasant to listen to, but the P12s are definitely the second best among the ones tested. Maybe this is down to production variance? Definitely makes me go back to considering paying the Noctua premium once again.
 
D

Deleted member 205776

Guest
It stands to reason that they are louder, given that they run much, much faster - the main reason why I've been considering them (to replace my current BQ SW3s). But it's weird that you say the regular ones have motor resonance noises, given that they aren't at all audible in tests like Optimum Tech's video. The NF-A12x25 is undoubtedly more pleasant to listen to, but the P12s are definitely the second best among the ones tested. Maybe this is down to production variance? Definitely makes me go back to considering paying the Noctua premium once again.
I tried P14s on my case, great performance, but they all made a horrible noise. P12s apparently have the same issue. Not sure if it's because of the front of my case (Pure Base 500DX), but I returned them immediately and returned to my Pure Wings 2 which, while louder, don't have that noise. I still don't know what case fans I should get. I'll be stuck with these for a while. Or until Arctic releases a new fan that doesn't make that noise.
 
Joined
May 2, 2017
Messages
7,762 (3.05/day)
Location
Back in Norway
System Name Hotbox
Processor AMD Ryzen 7 5800X, 110/95/110, PBO +150Mhz, CO -7,-7,-20(x6),
Motherboard ASRock Phantom Gaming B550 ITX/ax
Cooling LOBO + Laing DDC 1T Plus PWM + Corsair XR5 280mm + 2x Arctic P14
Memory 32GB G.Skill FlareX 3200c14 @3800c15
Video Card(s) PowerColor Radeon 6900XT Liquid Devil Ultimate, UC@2250MHz max @~200W
Storage 2TB Adata SX8200 Pro
Display(s) Dell U2711 main, AOC 24P2C secondary
Case SSUPD Meshlicious
Audio Device(s) Optoma Nuforce μDAC 3
Power Supply Corsair SF750 Platinum
Mouse Logitech G603
Keyboard Keychron K3/Cooler Master MasterKeys Pro M w/DSA profile caps
Software Windows 10 Pro
I tried P14s on my case, great performance, but they all made a horrible noise. P12s apparently have the same issue. Not sure if it's because of the front of my case (Pure Base 500DX), but I returned them immediately and returned to my Pure Wings 2 which, while louder, don't have that noise. I still don't know what case fans I should get. I'll be stuck with these for a while. Or until Arctic releases a new fan that doesn't make that noise.
Hm, that's weird. I likely won't be buying fans until I can get the case I'm planning to get - which likely won't be available until closer to summer - plus a 280mm radiator for it, but I'll have to keep that in mind. I might get P14s or P140 Bionixes and just return them if they don't sound good. But then I'd have to choose between sticking with my current 240mm rad + NF-A12x25s or waiting even longer for the NF-A14x25 to arrive in ... 2025, going by Noctua's typical R&D speed? Damn, there are no good choices here :(
 
Top