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Addlink S91 512 GB (Phison E21T + Kioxia BiCS5)

512 GB
Capacity
Phison E21T
Controller
TLC
Flash
PCIe 4.0 x4
Interface
M.2 2230
Form Factor

Multiple hardware versions found.

Performance could vary due to unannounced flash/controller changes.

SSD Controller
Controller
The Addlink S91 is a solid-state drive in the M.2 2230 form factor, launched in April 2023. It is only available in the 512 GB capacity listed on this page. With the rest of the system, the Addlink S91 interfaces using a PCI-Express 4.0 x4 connection. The SSD controller is the PS5021-E21T from Phison, a DRAM cache is not available. Addlink has installed 112-layer TLC NAND flash on the S91, the flash chips are made by Toshiba. Please note that this SSD is sold in multiple variants with different NAND flash or controller, which could affect performance, the "Notes" section at the end of this page has more info. To improve write speeds, a pseudo-SLC cache is used, so bursts of incoming writes are processed more quickly. Thanks to support for the fast PCI-Express 4.0 interface, performance is excellent. The S91 is rated for sequential read speeds of up to 3,600 MB/s and 2,300 MB/s write; random IOPS reach up to 400K for reads and 550K for writes.
At its launch, the SSD was priced at 53 USD. The warranty length is set to five years, which is an excellent warranty period. Addlink guarantees an endurance rating of 350 TBW, a typical value for consumer SSDs.

Solid-State-Drive

Capacity: 512 GB
Hardware Versions:
  • Phison E21T + Kioxia BiCS5
    512 GB
  • Phison E21T + Micron N48R
    1 TB 2 TB
Overprovisioning: 35.2 GB / 7.4 %
Production: Active
Released: Apr 2023
Price at Launch: 53 USD
Part Number: ad1TBS91M2P
Market: Consumer

Physical

Form Factor: M.2 2230 (Single-Sided)
Interface: PCIe 4.0 x4
Protocol: NVMe 1.4
Power Draw: Unknown

Controller

Manufacturer: Phison
Name: PS5021-E21T
Architecture: ARM 32-bit Cortex-R5
Core Count: Triple-Core
Frequency: 1,000 MHz
Foundry: TSMC
Process: 12 nm
Flash Channels: 4 @ 1,600 MT/s
Chip Enables: 4
Controller Features: HMB (enabled)

NAND Flash

Manufacturer: Toshiba
Name: BiCS5
Type: TLC
Technology: 112-layer
Speed: 1200 MT/s
Capacity: 1 chip @ 4 Tbit
Toggle: 4.0
Topology: Charge Trap
Dies per Chip: 8 dies @ 512 Gbit
Planes per Die: 2
Word Lines: 128 per NAND String
87.5% Vertical Efficiency
Read Time (tR): 56 µs
Program Time (tProg): 484 µs
Die Read Speed: 571 MB/s
Die Write Speed: 66 MB/s
Endurance:
(up to)
3000 P/E Cycles
(100000 in SLC Mode)
Page Size: 16 KB
Block Size: 1344 Pages
Plane Size: 448 Blocks

DRAM Cache

Type: None
Host-Memory-Buffer (HMB): 64 MB

Performance

Sequential Read: 3,600 MB/s
Sequential Write: 2,300 MB/s
Random Read: 400,000 IOPS
Random Write: 550,000 IOPS
Endurance: 350 TBW
Warranty: 5 Years
MTBF: 1.5 Million Hours
Drive Writes Per Day (DWPD): 0.4
SLC Write Cache: Yes

Features

TRIM: Yes
SMART: Yes
Power Loss Protection: No
Encryption:
  • Unknown
RGB Lighting: No
PS5 Compatible: Yes

Notes

Controller:

1 main core using Cortex-R5 with CoXProcessor technology running at 980 ~ 1000 MHz (one additional dual-core) Cortex-R5 clocked at a lower clock for better efficiency

NAND Die:

Although this Die is a 4-plane design, most Kioxia BiCS5 NAND Dies used in most SSDs are dual planes design because of Yield and production cost.
And because of the die being dual-plane the Throughput is cut in half to 66 MB/s per die.
There is no CuA (Circuitry under Array) in the Dual-Plane variant.
Typical Endurance: 1700 P.E.C.
Rated Endurance: 3.000 to 5.000 (up to) P.E.C.

Jun 14th, 2024 11:19 EDT change timezone

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