The Samsung 990 Pro (w/ Heatsink) is a solid-state drive in the M.2 2280 form factor, launched in September 2023. It is available in capacities ranging from 2 TB to 4 TB. This page reports specifications for the 4 TB variant. With the rest of the system, the Samsung 990 Pro (w/ Heatsink) interfaces using a PCI-Express 4.0 x4 connection. The SSD controller is the Pascal (S4LV008) from Samsung, a DRAM cache chip is available. Samsung has installed 236-layer TLC NAND flash on the 990 Pro (w/ Heatsink), the flash chips are made by Samsung. Please note that this SSD is sold in multiple variants with different NAND flash or controller, which could affect performance, the "Notes" section at the end of this page has more info. To improve write speeds, a pseudo-SLC cache is used, so bursts of incoming writes are handled more quickly. The cache is sized at 442 GB, once it is full, writes complete at 1600 MB/s. Thanks to support for the fast PCI-Express 4.0 interface, performance is excellent. The 990 Pro (w/ Heatsink) is rated for sequential read speeds of up to 7,450 MB/s and 6,900 MB/s write; random IO reaches 1400K IOPS for read and 1550K for writes.
At its launch, the SSD was priced at 359 USD. The warranty length is set to five years, which is an excellent warranty period. Samsung guarantees an endurance rating of 2400 TBW, a typical value for consumer SSDs.