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NASA's deep-space craft readying for launch

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The U.S. space shuttle program retired
in 2011, leaving American astronauts to hitchhike
into orbit. But after three long years, NASA 's
successor is almost ready to make an entrance.
Orion, the agency's newest manned spaceship, is
being prepared for its first mission in December.
In future missions, it will journey into deep space
-- to Mars and beyond -- farther than humans
have ever gone before.
Orion comes loaded with superlatives . It boasts
the largest heat shield ever built and a computer
400 times faster than the ones on the space
shuttles. It will be launched into space on the
most powerful rocket NASA has ever made.
No astronauts will be aboard the December flight,
which will test the spacecraft's systems for future
manned missions.

Final work on the spacecraft is under way at the
Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Orion came one
step closer to completion this month with the
stacking of the crew module atop the service
module.
"Now that we're getting so close to launch, the
spacecraft completion work is visible every day,"
Orion Program Manager Mark Geyer said in a
statement.
A 3,600-mile journey
When complete, the Orion capsule will resemble a
fencing foil, with a tall spire shooting up from a
rounded base. At the top will sit a launch abort
system, with downward-facing thrusters that
would save the crew from a jarring crash in the
event of a rocket malfunction.
The bottom portion, the service module, will
perform various functions such as in-space
propulsion and cargo storage. Nestled between
the two will be the crew module, capable of
supporting human life from launch until recovery.
Attached to the service module will be a United
Launch Alliance Delta IV Heavy rocket. For the
first time since the space shuttle's debut launch
in 1981, the crew compartment will ride on the tip
of the rocket rather than hanging onto its side,
evoking the configuration of the famous Apollo or
Gemini missions.
Come December, Orion will be wheeled onto the
Cape Canaveral launch pad and the countdown
will begin. If all goes as planned, the engines will
rumble and its rocket will thunder in an explosion
of liquid oxygen, thrusting it toward the stars.
The rocket will carry the modules 3,600 miles
above Earth, or about 16 times higher than the
average altitude of the International Space
Station. Orion "is built to take humans farther
than they've ever gone before," NASA says.
Orion will orbit our planet twice on its own during
a 4½-hour journey before screaming back into the
Earth's atmosphere at nearly 20,000 miles per
hour and splashing down in the Pacific Ocean.
Future missions
Orion astronauts will enjoy access to
unprecedented space travel technology.
NASA says the spacecraft's onboard computer
system can process 480 million instructions per
second, which is 400 times faster than the
systems on the space shuttle and 4,000 times
faster than those on the Apollo flights of the
1960s and early 1970s.
Orion also boasts the largest heat shield ever
built, designed to withstand temperatures that
would cause a nuclear reactor to melt down.
"Orion's flight test will provide us with important
data that will help us test out systems and
further refine the design so we can safely send
humans far into the solar system to uncover new
scientific discoveries on future missions," Geyer
said.
After Orion splashes down, NASA will begin
preparing the spacecraft for the future manned
missions for which it was designed.
"In the future, Orion will launch on NASA's new
heavy-lift rocket, the Space Launch System," the
agency said. "More powerful than any rocket ever
built, SLS will be capable of sending humans to
deep space destinations such as an asteroid and
eventually Mars."
The first astronauts will travel into space aboard
Orion in 2017. NASA hopes its Exploration
Mission-1, a 25-day flight around the moon's
dark side, will demonstrate Orion's reliability for
deep space missions.
Exploration Mission-1 will send four astronauts
farther than any human has been since the last
Apollo moon mission in 1972, laying the
groundwork for future endeavors.
NASA hopes Orion will ring in a new era for
crewed American space exploration, and American
flags may someday fly on more space outposts
than just the moon.




http://edition.cnn.com/2014/06/26/tech/innovation/nasa-orion-spacecraft/index.html?hpt=hp_t3
 
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