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Researchers have achieved quantum teleportation over the farthest distance yet outside of the lab, sending the quantum state of a photon across more than 3.7 miles in an actual metropolitan network.
http://www.nature.com/nphoton/journal/v10/n10/full/nphoton.2016.180.html
The experiments were conducted using ‘dark’ cables under the city of Calgary in Canada, and mark a major step toward the ultimate goal of a quantum Internet as researchers finally begin tests in real-world contexts.
The study, published in the journal Nature Photonics, was a collaborative effort between engineers at Nasa’s Jet Propulsion Lab, the University of Calgary, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology in Boulder, Colorado.
In the first ever experiments with quantum teleportation in a metropolitan cable network, the researchers used dark (unused) cables, and photon sensors designed by researchers at the JPL and NIST to detect exactly what was happening.
These efforts have led to a new record – the teleportation of the quantum state of a photon more than 3.7 miles in actual infrastructure.
Longer distances have been achieved in the past, but only in lab settings.
‘Demonstrating quantum effects such as teleportation outside of a lab environment involves a whole new set of challenges,’ said Francesco Marsili, one of the JPL co-authors.
‘This experiment shows how these challenges can all be overcome and hence it marks an important milestone towards the future quantum Internet.
If a hypothetical particle called Photon 1 is entangled with Photon 2, the latter can be sent to a distant location, and they still will remain linked.
So, if in the second location Photon 2 meets a third particle, Photon 3, and interacts with it, the state which Photon 3 transfers to Photon 2 will automatically be teleported to its entangled twin as well, Photon 1.
As the researchers point out, this is a ‘disembodied transfer,’ meaning that Photons 1 and 3 never interact.
With this concept, the same type of teleportation could be used to securely send messages between two people.
QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENT
In quantum physics, entangled particles remain connected so that actions performed by one affects the behaviour of the other, even if they are separated by huge distances.
This means if you measure, 'up' for the spin of one photon from an entangled pair, the spin of the other, measured an instant later, will be 'down' - even if the two are on opposite sides of the world.
Entanglement takes place when a part of particles interact physically.
For instance, a laser beam fired through a certain type of crystal can cause individual light particles to be split into pairs of entangled photons.
The theory that so riled Einstein is also referred to as 'spooky action at a distance'.
Einstein wasn't happy with theory, because it suggested that information could travel faster than light.
http://www.nature.com/nphoton/journal/v10/n10/full/nphoton.2016.180.html
The experiments were conducted using ‘dark’ cables under the city of Calgary in Canada, and mark a major step toward the ultimate goal of a quantum Internet as researchers finally begin tests in real-world contexts.
The study, published in the journal Nature Photonics, was a collaborative effort between engineers at Nasa’s Jet Propulsion Lab, the University of Calgary, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology in Boulder, Colorado.
In the first ever experiments with quantum teleportation in a metropolitan cable network, the researchers used dark (unused) cables, and photon sensors designed by researchers at the JPL and NIST to detect exactly what was happening.
These efforts have led to a new record – the teleportation of the quantum state of a photon more than 3.7 miles in actual infrastructure.
Longer distances have been achieved in the past, but only in lab settings.
‘Demonstrating quantum effects such as teleportation outside of a lab environment involves a whole new set of challenges,’ said Francesco Marsili, one of the JPL co-authors.
‘This experiment shows how these challenges can all be overcome and hence it marks an important milestone towards the future quantum Internet.
If a hypothetical particle called Photon 1 is entangled with Photon 2, the latter can be sent to a distant location, and they still will remain linked.
So, if in the second location Photon 2 meets a third particle, Photon 3, and interacts with it, the state which Photon 3 transfers to Photon 2 will automatically be teleported to its entangled twin as well, Photon 1.
As the researchers point out, this is a ‘disembodied transfer,’ meaning that Photons 1 and 3 never interact.
With this concept, the same type of teleportation could be used to securely send messages between two people.
QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENT
In quantum physics, entangled particles remain connected so that actions performed by one affects the behaviour of the other, even if they are separated by huge distances.
This means if you measure, 'up' for the spin of one photon from an entangled pair, the spin of the other, measured an instant later, will be 'down' - even if the two are on opposite sides of the world.
Entanglement takes place when a part of particles interact physically.
For instance, a laser beam fired through a certain type of crystal can cause individual light particles to be split into pairs of entangled photons.
The theory that so riled Einstein is also referred to as 'spooky action at a distance'.
Einstein wasn't happy with theory, because it suggested that information could travel faster than light.