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UPS backup time calculation

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Are you talking about personal UPS for your own system, or industrial UPS for server room(s) or datacenter?
I am talking about industrial UPS.
Yeah, that changes everything. Nice catch @Chrispy_ !

I agree with Waldorf then and it would be best to go with a backup generator, one big enough to support the whole facility - or most of it - including the building air conditioning - especially if that cooling is essential to keep the equipment inside properly cooled. Then, as Waldorf noted, you can put smaller, individual UPSs on those computers that are "mission essential" and must stay running to keep those systems running until the generator kicks in.

There are 2 basic type of backup generators, manual and automatic. I would urge going with automatic as they will kick in automatically at 3am should you lose power. Typical cutover times are less than 1 minute (less than 30 seconds is common). This means your UPS only need to support the connected devices for a few minutes.

Manual generators just are not worth it when dealing with "mission critical" systems UNLESS you have trained personnel on site, 24/7/365. If you have natural gas supplied to your facility, I recommend using a generator that runs on that. Otherwise, you will probably need to go with diesel - which can be messy and comes with a whole bunch of additional environmental protection issues dealing with the tank and fuel and exhaust. Plus, the diesel generators are very noisy.

Another nice thing about going with a generator is the generator company will come out and do a survey to determine the size needed for you - and should recommend UPS sizes too.

As a side note, most backup generators create electricity through inverters that then, as noted above, deliver approximated sinewaves to the devices. And, as noted above that is fine. Even motors and compressors in refrigerators and AC units can easily deal with that too.
 
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