some screenshots from Throttle Stop
The first thing I see is that your C0% is very high in your screenshot and it is high during the log you posted. The amount of time that a computer needs to spend in the C0 state when idle tells me how busy the CPU is processing the various tasks that are running in the background on your computer. Most modern laptops have lots of cores and lots of threads available so some poorly programmed background tasks sucking up some CPU cycles are barely noticed. You have a slow 2 core CPU. Your C0% is over 50% even when your computer is not doing anything. That means one core is available to perform useful stuff and one core is completely used up processing background tasks that probably do not need to be processed. Open the Task Manager, go to the Details tab, click on the CPU heading and organize your running tasks by CPU usage. You need to find out what has been installed on this computer that is running in the background. Uninstall any bloated apps that you really do not need.
To try to come up with some C State data for you to compare to, I used msconfig to limit my CPU to 2 cores and 4 threads just like you have. I also limited it to the 17 multiplier so it runs at 1700 MHz just like you have.
When a 2 core computer is idle, somewhere around 0.5% to 1.0% is normal for C0 activity, not 50%. The individual cores can spend almost 99% of their time in the low power core C7 state. Can you see that your computer has a problem with too much crap running in the background? What antivirus or anti malware programs are you running? Some of these are bloated pigs. You can also use the Windows Resource Monitor to track down what is running on your computer.
The next problem is your log file shows almost constant PP0 power limit throttling notices in the far right column even when power consumption is not high at all. I have no idea what is causing this. It should not be happening but it is. I do not know if this problem was happening day 1 or if it is a new problem. Sometimes a cheap sensor will fail over time and it will tell your CPU to continuously power limit throttle for no real reason at all.
Try checking the FIVR - Disable and Lock Turbo Power Limits box. This takes care of some types of power limit throttling but I am not sure if it will fix the problem you are having.
In the TPL window, try checking the PP0 Power Limit option and set that to 25. Open the Limit Reasons window so you can keep an eye on the reason for throttling, boxes lighting up red. If you make a change and the red box goes away, that is a good thing. Post a screenshot of Limit Reasons.
You can also try checking the TDP Level Control option. Change that from 0 to 2.
When using ThrottleStop on a 4th Gen CPU, on the main screen, check the High Performance box. This switches Windows to the High Performance power plan which is often times hidden on devices with low power U series CPUs. Check the Set Multiplier box and press the Turn On button at the bottom. The top title bar will not show -Monitoring after you do this.
Give all of the above a try and see if it makes any difference. It might be time to retire this laptop or only use it for light duty tasks.