Regional Chinese governments are attempting to prop up local AI startup companies with an intriguing "voucher" support system. A Financial Times article outlines "computing" support packages valued between "$140,000 to $280,000" for fledgling organizations involved in LLM training. Widespread shortages of AI chips and rising data center operation costs are cited as the main factors driving a rollout of strategic subsidizations. The big three—Alibaba, Tencent, and ByteDance—are reportedly less willing to rent out their AI-crunching servers, due to internal operations demanding lengthy compute sessions. China's largest technology companies are believed to hording the vast majority of NVIDIA AI hardware, while smaller competitors are believed to fighting over table scraps. US trade restrictions have further escalated supply issues, with lower-performance/China-specific models being rejected—AMD's Instinct MI309 AI accelerator being the latest example.

The "computer voucher" initiative could be the first part of a wider scheme—reports suggest that regional governing bodies (including Shanghai) are devising another subsidy tier for domestic AI chips. Charlie Chai, an 86Research analyst, reckons that the initial support package is only a short-term solution. He shared this observation with FT: "the voucher is helpful to address the cost barrier, but it will not help with the scarcity of the resources." The Chinese government is reportedly looking into the creation of an alternative state-run system, that will become less reliant on a "Big Tech" data center model. A proposed "East Data West Computing" project could produce a more energy-efficient cluster of AI data centers, combined with a centralized management system.

ZOTAC debuted a massive flagship GeForce RTX 4090 24 GB custom design graphics card last summer—the Prime Gamer Force (PGF) OC edition model was released as a China exclusive product. ZOTAC's PGF shroud design remains the largest on the market—381 mm (L) x 154 mm (W) x 74 mm (D)—even with downgraded silicon beneath the surface. NVIDIA's China-specific GeForce RTX 4090D GPU was introduced last December, as a sanction conformant substitute for the full-fat version—naturally, ZOTAC has prepared a revised PGF model. This week, Expreview has published an in-depth review of the GeForce RTX 4090 D PGF OC edition graphics card. They found that ZOTAC's cooling system—three 11 cm fans and a vapor chamber—offered: "high-frequency stability...comparable to that of water-cooled (solutions)."

The Chinese publication reviewed the GALAX RTX 4090 D Metal Master model in January—at the time, software restrictions prevented the implementation of significant overclocks. It was theorized that future updates or community workarounds could bypass limitations, but the latest review—of ZOTAC's "super luxurious" PGF edition—indicates that this GeForce RTX 4090 D GPU's OC potential is still constricted. VideoCardz has pulled out essential details from the Expreview article: "(The PGF) has high maximum TGP (530 W) and a powerful 28-phase power PCB design. Despite the technological headroom, the card struggles to offer much of the overclocking potential. The team from Expreview only managed to squeeze 3.7% more performance from this card. That's despite 24.7% more power theoretically available." An underwhelming overclocking aspect is counterbalanced by the premium-tier card's impressive performance stability—the review also praised ZOTAC's quiet cooling solution and usage of high-end "heat dissipation materials."

According to the latest report from Bloomberg, AMD has hit a roadblock in offering its top-of-the-line AI accelerator in the Chinese market. The newest AI chip is called Instinct MI309, a lower-performance Instinct MI300 variant tailored to meet the latest US export rules for selling advanced chips to China-based entities. However, the Instinct MI309 still appears too powerful to gain unconditional approval from the US Department of Commerce, leaving AMD in need of an export license. Originally, the US Department of Commerce made a rule: Total Processing Performance (TPP) score should not exceed 4800, effectively capping AI performance at 600 FP8 TFLOPS. This rule ensures that processors with slightly lower performance may still be sold to Chinese customers, provided their performance density (PD) is sufficiently low.

However, AMD's latest creation, Instinct MI309, is everything but slow. Based on the powerful Instinct MI300, AMD has not managed to bring it down to acceptable levels to acquire a US export license from the Department of Commerce. It is still unknown which Chinese customer was trying to acquire AMD's Instinct MI309; however, it could be one of the Chinese AI labs trying to get ahold of more training hardware for their domestic models. NVIDIA has employed a similar tactic, selling A800 and H800 chips to China, until the US also ended the export of these chips to China. AI labs located in China can only use domestic hardware, including accelerators from Alibaba, Huawei, and Baidu. Cloud services hosting GPUs in US can still be accessed by Chinese companies, but that is currently under US regulators watchlist.

At MWC Barcelona 2024, Huawei launched the Huawei OptiXtrans DC908 Pro, a new platform for Data Center Interconnect (DCI) designed for the intelligent era. This innovative platform ensures the efficient, secure, and stable transmission of data between data centers (DCs), setting a new standard for DCI networks. As AI continues to proliferate across various service scenarios, the demand for foundation models has intensified, leading to an explosion in data volume. DCs are now operating at the petabyte level, and DCI networks have evolved from single-wavelength 100 Gbit/s to single-wavelength Tbit/s.

In response to the challenges posed by massive data transmission in the intelligent era, Huawei introduces the next-generation DCI platform, the Huawei OptiXtrans DC908 Pro. Compared to its predecessor, the DC908 Pro offers higher bandwidth, reliability, and intelligence.

The AMD Radeon RX 6750 GRE (Golden Rabbit Edition) is a runaway success in China, where the card is found selling in volumes comparable to GeForce RTX 4060 Ti, and the likes. This is thanks to its aggressive pricing, and decent levels of performance given the maturity of drivers for the older RDNA2 graphics architecture. The RX 6750 GRE comes in two variants—a 10 GB variant with a 160-bit memory bus and 2,304 stream processors; and a 12 GB variant with the full 2,560 stream processors, similar to the globally available RX 6750 XT. For AMD, the success of the RX 6750 GRE couldn't have come at a better time, as it looks to mop up its 7 nm wafer allocation with TSMC with the "Navi 22" silicon, which went underutilized as GPU demand fell with the crypto-mining crash of 2022 and the subsequent move to the 5 nm next-generation; and so it needs these cards to sell at prices at least in line with the MSRP, of ¥2,219 (RMB) for the 10 GB variant, and ¥2,379 for the 12 GB model. Apparently some retailers are selling these cards below the MSRP, and AMD isn't liking this.

The way retail works in general, is that when an item is selling below MSRP, it encourages retailers to negotiate lower prices up the supply chain, which would inevitably cut income for AMD, and set off a feedback loop. To check exactly this, AMD rolled out a slew of measures. It will be monitoring the retail channel for retailers selling the card below MSRP, and impose a set of tiered penalties. For the first offense, a retailer will be penalized ¥500 per card sold below MSRP. For the second instance, this penalty goes up to ¥1,000 per card, and a stoppage of supply to the retailer. The RX 6750 GRE is so popular in China that it isn't just AMD's traditional AIB partners selling the SKU, but also several lesser known Chinese brands, which have purchased volumes of the RX 6750 GRE ASIC, and are belting out cards as the market demands. In related news, AMD is yet to launch the new Radeon RX 7600 XT in the Chinese market, because it doesn't want to disturb the flow of the RX 6750 GRE.

Moore Threads, the Chinese company aiming to build a contemporary PC GPU family indigenous to China, formally introduced the MTT S30, an entry-level GPU. Given the performance positioning of the company's flagship MTT S80 GPU even with its recent performance doubling driver update, one can conclude that the MTT S30 isn't quite a gaming GPU. It has a quarter of the unified shaders of the MTT S80, 1/6th its FP32 throughput, and a quarter of its memory size; which means the GPU really is an iGPU replacement that accelerates one or more high-resolution displays for non-gaming productivity workloads, and perhaps some media acceleration.

The Moore Threads MTT S30 features 1,024 unified shaders, an unknown number of tensor accelerators, a 1.30 GHz GPU clock, and 4 GB of GDDR6 memory across a 128-bit wide memory bus. The reference design card is single-slot, half-height, and draws all its power from the PCIe slot, given that its power draw is rated at just 40 W. This card has just two display connectors—HDMI and D-Sub. It features a PCI-Express 4.0 x8 host interface.

A MyDrivers news report suggests that Loongson's LS3C6000 server processor has reached the tape-out phase of development—the article's author appears to be quite excited about this chip's prospects; a performance uptick could position it closer to past generation Intel and AMD parts. The company's proprietary LA664 "LoongArch" instruction set will be deployed on a chip design that accommodates 16 cores with simultaneous multi-threading technology (SMT) and 32 threads. In-house engineers think that the 3C6000 processor series is just as performant as Zen 3 and Tiger Lake (11th-gen Core) architectures, in terms of instructions per clock (IPC).

Loongson has reportedly deployed its Dragon Chain interconnect technology with the 3C6000 generation—the I/O interface is said to be much improved over current 3C5000-based server products. Company engineers have: "solved the bottleneck in the expansion of the number of processor cores. In the future, the company will also seal 32-core processors on the basis of 3C6000. 64-core products are possibly incoming later on." The MyDrivers article proposes that Loongson is targeting growing demand within China's server market, but LS3C6000 remains a "big project" that requires further compatibility and performance optimizations.

The publication of ASML's 2023 Annual Report has revealed some interesting insights into how the photolithography producer remains diplomatic in times of global tension. Peter Wennink (President, Chief Executive Officer and Chair of the Board of Management) discussed his company's carefully considered tightrope act—here is his message to stakeholders: "In 2023, demand for our DUV systems continued to be strong, particularly in China. During the previous two years, our Chinese customers had received significantly fewer systems than they had ordered, due to global demand for our systems exceeding supply. However, the shifts in demand timing from other customers that we experienced in 2023 meant that we had the opportunity to backfill these orders for mature and midcritical nodes to China, while of course complying with export regulations." ASML is seemingly keen to continue doing business with Chinese customers, despite having to juggle with strict international trade rulings—as revealed in their financial report, trade in this region accounts for "26.3% of our 2023 total net sales." This places China in a second tier position, just behind Taiwan (29.3% of 2023 total net sale).

ASML was expecting to deliver a grand total of 600 DUV equipment units to Chinese customers by the end of 2025, but trade restriction adjustments nixed that avenue of business. The report's "Strategy and products" section highlights the company's concerns about narrowed lanes: "Geopolitical tensions may result in export control restrictions, trade sanctions, tariffs and more generally international trade regulations which may impact our ability to deliver our systems, technology, and services." China's leading foundry—Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corp (SMIC)—is reportedly targeting a 5 nm process node, although this would require a major readjustment of its existing collection of (older) lithography equipment. SMIC's flagship Shanghai location cannot upgrade to the most advanced DUV machinery in ASML's catalog, therefore workers are reliant on slightly antiquated gear (previously tasked with 7 nm manufacturing)—low yields and added expense are the anticipated headaches.

China's homegrown Loongson 3A6000 CPU shows promise but still needs to catch up AMD and Intel's latest offerings in real-world performance. According to benchmarks by Chinese tech reviewer Geekerwan, the 3A6000 has instructions per clock (IPC) on par with AMD's Zen 4 architecture and Intel's Raptor Lake. Using the SPEC CPU 2017 processor benchmark, Geekerwan has clocked all the CPUs at 2.5 GHs to compare the raw benchmark results to Zen 4 and Intel's Raptor Lake (Raptor Cove) processors. As a result, the Loongson 3A6000 seemingly matches the latest designs by AMD and Intel in integer results, with integer IPC measured at 4.8, while Zen 4 and Raptor Cove have 5.0 and 4.9, respectively. The floating point performance is still lagging behind a lot, though. This demonstrates that Loongson's CPU design can catching up to global leaders, but still needs further development, especially for floating point arithmetic.

However, the 3A6000 is held back by low clock speeds and limited core counts. With a maximum boost speed of just 2.5 GHz across four CPU cores, the 3A6000 cannot compete with flagship chips like AMD's 16-core Ryzen 9 7950X running at 5.7 GHz. While the 3A6000's IPC is impressive, its raw computing power is a fraction of that of leading x86 CPUs. Loongson must improve manufacturing process technology to increase clock speeds, core counts, and cache size. The 3A6000's strengths highlight Loongson's ambitions: an in-house LoongArch ISA design fabricated on 12 nm achieves competitive IPC to state-of-the-art x86 chips built on more advanced TSMC 5 nm and Intel 7 nm nodes. This shows the potential behind Loongson's engineering. Reports suggest that next-generation Loongson 3A7000 CPUs will use SMIC 7 nm, allowing higher clocks and more cores to better harness the architecture's potential. So, we expect the next generation to set a bar for China's homegrown CPU performance.

China's National Supercomputer Center (NUDT) introduced their Tianhe-3 system as a prototype back in early 2019—at the time it had been tested by thirty local organizations. Notable assessors included the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center. The (previous generation) Tianhe-2 system currently sits in a number seven position of world-ranked Supercomputers—offering a measured performance of 33.86 petaFLOPS/s. The internal makeup of its fully formed successor has remained a mystery...until now. The Next Platform believes that the "Xingyi" monikered third generation supercomputer houses the Guangzhou-based lab's MT-3000 processor design. Author, Timothy Prickett Morgan, boasted about acquiring exclusive inside knowledge ahead of international intelligence agencies—many will be keeping an eye on the NUDT, since it is administered by the National University of Defence Technology (itself owned by the Chinese government).

The Next Platform has a track record of outing intimate details relating to Chinese-developed scientific breakthroughs—the semi-related "Oceanlight" system installed at their National Supercomputer Center (Wuxi) was "figured out" two years ago. Tianhe-3 and Oceanlight face significant competition in the form of "El Capitan"—this is the USA's prime: "supercomputer being built right now at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory by Hewlett Packard Enterprise in conjunction with compute engine supplier AMD. We need to know because we want to understand the very different—and yet, in some ways similar—architectural path that China seems to have taken with the Xingyi architecture to break through the exascale barrier."

Zephyr and VK Valkyrie have collaborated on a very high-end custom GeForce RTX 4080 SUPER graphics card model, as revealed in a teaser video posted to the former's Bilibili account. VK Valkyrie is a well regarded DIY brand in the Chinese PC gaming market, while Zephyr is a relatively young manufacturer—their unusual GeForce RTX 3060 Ti Compact ITX design with a pink PCB was introduced last summer. TPU's June 2023 news report is featured prominently within their website's news section—greatly appreciated! The Zephyr x VK Valkyrie GeForce RTX 4080 SUPER will be a limited edition release—the two partners have been working together since last August, but a specific launch date and pricing were not revealed in Zephyr's teaser trailer.

Zephyr has, so far, only released air-cooled custom graphics cards—their upcoming VK Valkyrie collaborative model will mark a debut entry into liquid cooled territory. Their chunky 3-slot design consists of a substantial heatsink covered by an RGB-adorned silver shroud and metallic backplate, with an AIO liquid cooling solution. A 280 mm radiator (with 2 x 140 mm fans) is hooked up to the card via twin white braided tubes. A rear-firing 12VHPWR connector provides an elegant means of semi-concealing your 90-degree power cable, if need be. The promotional video includes benchmark results generated by 3DMARK Speed Way, Time Spy Extreme, and Fire Strike Ultra suites (check the relevant screenshot below). Zephyr claims that their limited edition GeForce RTX 4080 SUPER model was cool enough to not exceed 52 degrees Celsius during a heavy Furmark session. The company recommends that interested parties should check its social media accounts for further announcements. The Zephyr x VK Valkyrie GeForce RTX 4080 SUPER could arrive at some point after the Chinese Spring Celebration.Update Feb 9th: Valkyrie informed us that, for the moment, this collaboration is specific to the Chinese Market, but they are discussing options internally whether it makes sense to bring the card to the West, too."

Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation (SMIC) posted better than expected fourth quarter 2023 financial tallies, but issued a warning with a downward revisement of near future gross margin expectations. According to DigiTimes Asia and TrendForce, China's leading pure-play semiconductor foundry has experienced an overall decline in net profit due to various cited factors including: "the industry downturn, weak market demand, high industry inventory, and fierce competition among peers, all contributing to reduced capacity utilization and decreased wafer shipment for the group." The DigiTimes report focuses mainly on a significant SMIC shares plunge—stock prices are reported to have dropped by ~20% in early 2024, indicating a loss of confidence in the foundry's prospects.

TrendForce laid out the financial nitty gritty: "SMIC International saw a revenue increase of over 3.5% to more than USD 1.678 billion, marking the only quarter of revenue growth last year. Net profit plummeted by 54.7% to nearly USD 175 million. The gross margin of 16.4% was almost halved compared to the same period in 2022 and experienced a significant decline from the previous three quarters, reaching its lowest point of the year. In the full year of 2023, SMIC International experienced a revenue decline of over 13% to USD 6.3 billion, with a net profit decrease of 50.4% to USD 900 million. The gross margin was approximately halved to 19.3%." Many industry watchdogs believed that SMIC was in a comfortable position, thanks to an uptick in demand for natively developed AI GPUs—their flagship Shanghai plants are reportedly churning out 7 nm wafers for Huawei's Ascend 910B model. Insiders also claim that high profile smartphone clients are pushing for 5 nm production lines—a significant challenge for the foundry's existing collection of (less than cutting-edge) equipment.

Changwang has released an interesting looking Mobile on Desktop (MoDT) Mini-ITX motherboard in China—as spotted by HXL—for AMD Ryzen 7000 series mobile processors. The manufacturer has chosen to forego with a short plus catchy model name—Changwang's product page lays out the basic facts within the board's title. This a 170 x 170 mm compact form factor board that is NAS and storage oriented—with an AMD FP8 socket that accommodates Zen 3+ "Rembrandt" and Zen 4 "Phoenix" processors. At present, the only available options to purchase are Ryzen 7 7840HS configurations (with or without an air cooler). The specification sheet lists other processor options, including the recently launched "Hawk Point" Ryzen 7 8845HS model, as well as Ryzen 9 7940HS, Ryzen 7 7735HS (Zen 3+ Rembrandt), and Ryzen 5 7640HS.

You are limited to SODIMM (up to 5600 MT/s with the 7840HS config), due to Changwang choosing a mobile processor platform for a compact desktop motherboard that offers little in terms of upgradability. As pointed out by Tom's Hardware: "These motherboards with integrated Ryzen 7000 "Phoenix" processors might have been pretty killer a few months ago, but just days ago, AMD launched its Ryzen 8000G series APUs for the desktop, which use the same Phoenix chip that the Ryzen 7040HS chips use. Ryzen 8000G chips are a little faster, more customizable, and can be installed and upgraded like regular desktop chips, which are all significant points against Changwang's motherboard...However, when it comes to price, Changwang has the advantage. With a cost of 2888 RMB or about $400, the Ryzen 7 7840HS-equipped board looks pretty decent. A Ryzen 7 8700G retails for $329, and the cheapest AM5 Mini-ITX boards cost $130 at minimum (and come with the A620 chipset)." The Changwang board also offers an unprecedented number of interface options—its unique selling points include support for nine SATA drives, four 2.5 Gbit NICs, Thunderbolt 4, USB 4, PCIe Gen 4x4, etc.

NVIDIA's H800 AI GPU was rolled out last year to appease the Sanction Gods—but later on, the US Government deemed the cutdown "Hopper" part to be far too potent for Team Green's Chinese enterprise customers. Last October, newly amended export conditions banned sales of the H800, as well as the slightly older (plus similarly gimped) A800 "Ampere" GPU in the region. NVIDIA's engineering team returned to the drawing board, and developed a new range of compliantly weakened products. An exclusive Reuters report suggests that Team Green is taking pre-orders for a refreshed "Hopper" GPU—the latest China-specific flagship is called "HGX H20." NVIDIA web presences have not been updated with this new model, as well as Ada Lovelace-based L20 PCIe and L2 PCIe GPUs. Huawei's competing Ascend 910B is said to be slightly more performant in "some areas"—when compared to the H20—according to insiders within the distribution network.

The leakers reckon that NVIDIA's mainland distributors will be selling H20 models within a price range of $12,000 - $15,000—Huawei's locally developed Ascend 910B is priced at 120,000 RMB (~$16,900). One Reuters source stated that: "some distributors have started advertising the (NVIDIA H20) chips with a significant markup to the lower end of that range at about 110,000 yuan ($15,320). The report suggests that NVIDIA refused to comment on this situation. Another insider claimed that: "distributors are offering H20 servers, which are pre-configured with eight of the AI chips, for 1.4 million yuan. By comparison, servers that used eight of the H800 chips were sold at around 2 million yuan when they were launched a year ago." Small batches of H20 products are expected to reach important clients within the first quarter of 2024, followed by a wider release in Q2. It is believed that mass production will begin around Spring time.

Tianbo has prepared a very an intriguing Cyberpunk 2077-themed Mini PC for the Chinese gaming hardware market—the JD.com listing (as reported by VideoCardz) showcases black and white enclosures with a sci-fi aesthetic and plenty of RGB lighting courtesy of the slimline internal cooling solution's illuminated 9 cm fan. It is not immediately clear whether CD Projekt and R. Talsorian Games have jointly approved the GOD88 Mini PC's prominent usage of their Cyberpunk title/logo/font. The specification sheet and accompanying imagery place emphasis on the Cyber GOD88's APU of choice: an AMD Ryzen 7 8845HS mobile processor—this sits at second place within Team Red's recently launched 8040 "Hawk Point" series, their Ryzen 9 8945HS chip takes principal position here.

The GOD88's Ryzen 7 8845HS APU is no slouch when compared to the Ryzen 9 sibling—it runs the same 8-core/16-thread configuration, with a 5.1 GHz max boost (only trailing behind by 100 MHz). The spec sheet mentions a configurable TDP of 35 - 54 W. Tianbo's Mini PC is sold as a barebones system, according to the JD.com product page—customers are expected to plug in their own choice of RAM and storage. Dual-channel DDR5-5600 memory is supported, while the cramped interior can accommodate a single full-sized M.2 2280 PCIe 4×4 SSD. The Tianbo GOD88 "High Performance" Cyberpunk Mini PC will be open to pre-orders (via JD.com) on February 5—barebones pricing is set at 2688 RMB (~$378.50).

It seems that AMD and its board partners are continuing to rollout new custom graphics cards based on the formerly China market exclusive Radeon RX 7900 GRE 16 GB GPU—PowerColor unleashed its fiendish flagship Red Devil model as one of last September's launch options. Their Chinese website has been updated with another Navi 31 XL entry—Hellhound Radeon RX 7900 GRE OC. This design sits below the Red Devil in the company's graphics card product and pricing hierarchy; providing excellent cooling performance with fewer frills. The latest custom RX 7900 GRE card borrows PowerColor's existing demonic dog design from the mid-tier Hellhound RX 7800 XT and RX 7700 XT models. The Hellhound enclosure deployed on Radeon RX 7900 XTX and RX 7900 XT GPUs is a much chunkier affair.

The PowerColor Hellhound Radeon RX 7900 GRE OC has also popped up on a couple of UK and mainland Europe price comparison engines (published 2024-01-30), so it possible that a very limited release could occur across a small smattering of countries and retail channels—Proshop Denmark seems to be the first place with cards in stock, pricing is €629.90 (~$682) at the time of writing. The Radeon RX 7900 GRE (Golden Rabbit Edition) GPU sits in an awkward spot between the fancier Navi 31 options, and Navi 32 siblings—AMD and its AIB partners have reduced MSRPs in Europe, possibly in reaction to the recent launch of NVIDIA's GeForce RTX 40 SUPER series. We are not sure if this initiative has boosted the RX 7900 GRE's popularity in this region, since very few outlets actually offer the (XFX-produced) reference model or Sapphire's Pulse custom design.

According to a recent MyDrivers news piece, graphics card models based on AMD's China-exclusive Radeon RX 6750 GRE GPU are "selling like hotcakes" in the region. Team Red's Radeon RX 6750 GRE was released last October, and made available in two memory configurations: 10 GB with a recommended starting price of 2219 RMB (~$312), and 12 GB going for 2379 RMB (~$335). Industry experts were surprised to hear about the mid-range Navi 22 (RDNA 2) GRE card becoming a popular choice in mainstream and budget-conscious gaming circles—as of early January, AMD has taken the unusual step of delaying its Radeon RX 7600 XT launch in China.

Chinese hardware news outlets are reporting that the 12 GB variant is selling for as low as 2239 RMB (~$315) at select retail sites—customers are reported to be snapping these cards up due to an irresistible "price-to-performance ratio," despite onboard technology being almost three years old. AMD is reported to be implementing a "strict" price control policy to prevent unbalanced supply conditions—Wccftech suggests that adjustment "instructions" have been sent out to AIB partners. The MyDrivers article points out that the policy adjustments will take time to stabilize Radeon RX 6750 GRE prices—the aforementioned 2239 RMB shop offers were still live late last week (report is dated January 26).

Japanese tech giant Canon hopes to shake up the semiconductor manufacturing industry by shipping new low-cost nanoimprint lithography (NIL) machines as early as this year. The technology, which stamps chip designs onto silicon wafers rather than using more complex light-based etching like market leader ASML's systems, could allow Canon to undercut rivals and democratize leading-edge chip production. "We would like to start shipping this year or next year...while the market is hot. It is a very unique technology that will enable cutting-edge chips to be made simply and at a low cost," said Hiroaki Takeishi, head of Canon's industrial group overseeing nanoimprint lithography technological advancement. Nanoimprint machines target a semiconductor node width of 5 nanometers, aiming to reach 2 nm eventually. Takeishi said the technology has primarily resolved previous defect rate issues, but success will depend on convincing customers that integration into existing fabrication plants is worthwhile.

There is skepticism about Canon's ability to significantly disrupt the market led by ASML's expensive but sophisticated extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography tools. However, if nanoimprint can increase yields to nearly 90% at lower costs, it could carve out a niche, especially with EUV supply struggling to meet surging demand. Canon's NIL machines are supposedly 40% the cost of ASML machinery, while operating with up to 90% lower power draw. Initially focusing on 3D NAND memory chips rather than complex processors, Canon must contend with export controls limiting sales to China. But with few options left, Takeishi said Canon will "pay careful attention" to sanctions risks. If successfully deployed commercially after 15+ years in development, Canon's nanoimprint technology could shift the competitive landscape by enabling new players to manufacture leading-edge semiconductors at dramatically lower costs. But it remains to be seen whether the new machines' defect rates, integration challenges, and geopolitical headwinds will allow Canon to disrupt the chipmaking giants it aims to compete with significantly.

MAXSUN and DIY-APE revealed a collaborative motherboard model last November, as noticed by members of the TPU community—the H770YTX D5 WIFI Terminator board attracted attention due to its unusually wide (for the ITX class) dimensions. The Terminator's "YTX" form factor—245 × 175 mm—provides some extra room for backside power connectors, additional storage connectors and M.2 storage slots. A past weekend ITHome report has revealed that MAXSUN's fairly compact mid-range part is launching today via a JD.com store listing—release date pricing is 899 RMB (~$126).

The spec sheet matches previously released information—ITHome stated: "(MAXSUN's) Terminator H770 YTX motherboard uses 8+1+1 phase power supply, supports (Intel's) 12th, 13th, and 14th generation Core processors, PL2 can reach 253 W performance release, and also supports dual-channel DDR5 8000 memory. This motherboard has rich interfaces, with three Type-C interfaces at the front and rear. The PCIe 5.0 slot supports 8+8 split, provides four M.2 slots, SFF-8654 interfaces, and supports four SATA hard drives. It is equipped with Realtek Sound card and network card." They note that MAXSUN has another YTX form factor board in its back catalog—the H610 KING was an early 2023 release, in collaboration with partner brand DIY-APE.

ASUS China has distributed Tianxuan 5 Pro laptop review samples to media outlets in the region—a video evaluation was uploaded to Bilibili yesterday, as discovered and shared by 9550pro. The reviewer, "Wheat Milk Mitsu," put his sampled laptop's AMD Ryzen 9 7940HX processor through the proverbial wringer—with benchmarking exercises conducted in Cinebench R23, PCMark 10, Counter Strike 2, Cyberpunk 2077, Metro Exodus and more. The Ryzen 9 7940HX "Dragon Range" APU was last spotted in the specification sheets for ASUS TUF Gaming A16 (2024) laptop models—the mobile processor is essentially an underclocked offshoot of Team Red's Ryzen 9 7945HX. AMD's Ryzen 8040 "Hawk Point" series has received most of the attention in Western markets—we only see occasional coverage of older Zen 4 "Dragon Range" parts.

AMD's slightly weaker Ryzen 9 7940HX processor is no slouch when compared to its higher clock sibling, despite a lower base clock (2.4 GHz) and Turbo (5.2 GHz)—the Tianxuan (China's equivalent to TUF Gaming) branded laptop was outfitted with a GeForce RTX 4070 mobile GPU and 16 GB of DDR5 5600 RAM. Synthetic benchmark results in Cinebench R23 indicate a marginal 3.7% difference, and multi-core figures show an even smaller difference; 1%. The two Dragon Range APUs exhibited largely the same performance in gaming scenarios, although the 7945HX pulls ahead in Counter-Strike 2 frame rate stakes—328 vs. 265 at 1440p, and 378 vs. 308 at 1080p. AMD's convoluted naming schemes make it difficult to keep track of its many mobile offerings—a 7840HX SKU could join the Dragon Range family in Q1 2024. A few Western media outlets believe that a smattering of these parts are destined for global markets, but Team Red's Marketing HQ has not bothered to announce them in any official capacity. Strange times.

Colorful has prepared a small selection of custom GeForce RTX 4060 Ti and GeForce RTX 4060 (non-Ti) graphics cards in celebration of the Chinese New Year (February 24). Its high-end iGame Series has been updated with "Loong Edition" models—all of these cards are overclocked straight out of the factory. The Colorful English language site has sub-brand product entries for a GeForce RTX 4060 Ti 16 GB option, as well as the usual GeForce RTX 4060 Ti 8 GB, plus GeForce RTX 4060 8 GB cards. 2024's zodiac animal is the Wood Dragon, so Colorful has adorned their limited edition "Loong" cards with this fearsome yet wise mythical creature—the graphic spreads across shrouds and backplates, and even features prominently on the special iGame packaging/outer box.

Colorful has a history of producing iGame Series GeForce RTX graphics with different designs—the standard "Ultra White" cooling solution design has been updated a few times in the recent past (as reported by VideoCardz). Referring to TPU's well maintained GPU database, we see the latest "Year of the Dragon" models joining the already established ranks of last year's "Wushan Five Elements Customized Editions" and iGame RTX 4060 Ti "Fog Hill of Five Elements" Customized Edition OC (in collaboration with Samsara Animation Studio). The Colorful iGame Loong Edition cards have prices listed at 3799 RMB (~$536) for the GeForce RTX 4060 Ti 16 GB option, 3449 RMB (~$487) for the GeForce RTX 4060 Ti 8 GB, and 2699 RMB (~$381) for the GeForce RTX 4060 8 GB. Sales are region restricted to China—this is Colorful's modus operandi, so buyers outside of China will have to jump through a few extra import hoops.

NVIDIA's intrepid CEO, Jensen Huang, has spent a fair chunk of January travelling around China—news outlets believe that Team Green's leader has conducted business meetings with very important clients in the region. Insiders proposed that his low-profile business trip included visits to NVIDIA operations in Shenzhen, Shanghai and Beijing. The latest updates allege that a stopover in Taiwan was also planned, following the conclusion of Mainland activities. Photos from an NVIDIA Chinese new year celebratory event have been spreading across the internet lately—many were surprised to see Huang appear on-stage in Shanghai and quickly dispense with his trademark black leather jacket. He swapped into a colorful "Year of the Wood Dragon" sleeveless shirt for a traditional dance routine.

It was not all fun and games during Huang's first trip to China in four years—inside sources have informed the Wall Street Journey about growing unrest within the nation's top ranked Cloud AI tech firms. Anonymous informants allege that leadership, at Alibaba Group and Tencent, are not happy with NVIDIA's selection of compromised enterprise GPUs—it is posited that NVIDIA's President has spent time convincing key clients to not adopt natively-developed solutions (unaffected by US Sanctions). The short hop over to Taiwan is reported not to be for R&R purposes—insiders had Huang's visiting key supply partners; TSMC and Wistron. Industry experts think that these meetings are linked to NVIDIA's upcoming "Blackwell" B100 AI GPU, and "supercharged" H200 "Hopper" accelerator. It is too early for the rumor mill to start speculation about nerfed versions of NVIDIA's 2024 enterprise products reaching Chinese shores, but Jensen Huang is seemingly ready to hold diplomatic talks with all sides.

News reports from Asia point to an ongoing price battle between major chip foundries in the region—sluggish market conditions in 2023 have caused the big industry names to adjust charges, in concerted efforts to retain customers. This situation has escalated in early 2024—news media outlets claim that mainland China-situated factories have plenty of new production capacity, and are therefore eager to get their order books filled. The reports point to: "Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation (SMIC), Hua Hong Semiconductor and Jinghe Semiconductor lowering the price of tape-out services to chip design companies in Taiwan." Industry insiders believe that several Taiwanese IC designers have jumped onto better deals, as offered by Chinese facilities—it is alleged that Samsung, GlobalFoundries, UMC and Powerchip have all experienced a worrying increase in customer cancellations (at the tail end of 2023). The loss of long-term clients has forced manufacturers—in South Korea and Taiwan—into a price war.

TrendForce's analysis of market trends stated: "Due to the mature manufacturing processes in China, unaffected by US export restrictions, the lowered wafer fabrication costs have become attractive to Taiwanese IC design companies seeking to enhance their cost competitiveness. Reports also indicate that this competitive pressure has forced Taiwan's foundries, UMC and PSMC, to follow suit by reducing their prices. UMC has lowered its 12-inch wafer foundry services by an average of 10-15%, while its 8-inch wafer services have seen an average price reduction of 20%. These price adjustments took effect in the fourth quarter of 2023." Samsung is reportedly slashing prices by ~10-15%, and is expressing a "willingness to negotiate" with key clients in early 2024. Reports state this is a major change in attitude for the South Korean chip giant—allegedly, leadership was unwilling to budge on 2023 tape-out costs. TrendForce reckons that TSMC's response was a bit quicker: "(having) already initiated pricing concessions last year, mainly related to mask costs rather than wafer fabrication. It was reported that these concessions primarily applied to the 7 nm process and were dependent on order volumes."

According to the recent listing on Goofish, discovered by VideoCardz, Chinese companies have begun selling mobile versions of NVIDIA's latest RTX 40-series GPUs as desktop graphics cards. Initially designed for gaming laptops, the GeForce RTX 4080M and RTX 4090M are now being marketed in China as more affordable alternatives to their official desktop counterparts. This development is no surprise to industry observers who recall similar adaptations with the RTX 20 and 30 series. These companies are leveraging the lower cost of mobile GPUs, combined with budget cooling solutions and simpler PCB designs, to offer more affordable desktop GPU options. The mobile GPUs, which are capped at a power consumption of 175 Watts, are being repurposed without official sanction, with NVIDIA seemingly disregarding this practice. Despite the lack of official endorsement, these modified GPUs are finding their way into the market, providing gamers a cost-effective alternative to the more expensive desktop versions.

While not officially supported by NVIDIA, these cards utilize the mobile GPU dies paired with custom cooling solutions and PCBs to work in desktop PCs. According to reports, the RTX 4080M desktop variant offers 7424 CUDA cores and 12 GB GDDR6 memory, representing a 24% reduction in cores and 4 GB less memory versus the desktop RTX 4080. The desktop RTX 4090M is even more cut-down, with 9728 cores and 16 GB memory—a 40% drop in cores and 8 GB less memory than the flagship RTX 4090 desktop card. Pricing falls between $420 and $560 for the RTX 4080M and exceeds that of even the desktop RTX 4090 for the 4090M variant. Performance and longevity still need to be determined for these unofficial cards. While they present a cheaper RTX 40-series option for Chinese gamers, the reduced specifications come with tradeoffs. Still, their availability indicates the ongoing demand for next-gen GPUs and the lengths some vendors go to to meet that demand.

GALAX is known to go overboard with its top flight graphic card models—the introduction of GeForce RTX 40 SUPER models has further lengthened the manufacturer's naming conventions. A Hall of Fame (HOF) OC LAB Master Edition card based on NVIDIA's freshly launched GeForce RTX 4070 SUPER GPU has been introduced via a Galaxy BBS blog post. As befits such a fancily named card, GALAX has rolled out the red carpet with a very special cooling solution that is designed to temper a substantial (211 MHz) overclock over Team Green's reference settings. Its 2685 MHz spec sits atop the customized GeForce RTX 4070 SUPER GPU pile—VideoCardz notes that another high-end option—GIGABYTE's AORUS RTX 4070 SUPER MASTER model—trails by a 30 MHz margin.

The GALAX GeForce RTX 4070 SUPER Hall of Fame OC LAB Master Edition graphics card sports an almost all-white design, even its PCB is outfitted in a pale hue. This Ada Lovelace AD104-350-A1-driven flagship is specced with a 250 W TGP as standard, user-adjustable up to 320 W. A three-pin to sixteen-pin adapter is supplied by default; ensuring that more than enough juice is supplied. GALAX states that the card features a 12+3 phase design, coupled with a power section is controlled by an XDPE10281 PWM. The Chinese manufacturer hints that more white Master Edition SUPER models are incoming (see below). We hope to see further announcements, and full product pages uploaded to their web site(s), but GALAX is unlikely to sell these top flight cards outside of their native market.