Thursday, April 18th 2019
Intel Courting Samsung to Manufacture Xe GPUs?
Intel's Xe discrete GPU project head Raja Koduri recently visited a Samsung Electronics silicon fabrication facility in Korea at the backdrop of the company's major 5 nm EUV announcement. This sparks speculation that Koduri could be exploring Samsung's portfolio of sub-10 nm contract-manufacturing offerings to mass-produce Xe discrete GPUs. Intel's own foundry business is reeling with mounting pressure from the company's main breadwinner, the client and enterprise processor businesses, to get its 10 nm node on the road. Koduri's GPU would need to leverage higher transistor densities than what Intel's 10 nm could offer, given that rival AMD is already implementing 7 nm, and NVIDIA is expected to go sub-10 nm with its future generation of GPUs.
Sources:
Raja Koduri (Twitter), Wuthering_HHH (Reddit)
29 Comments on Intel Courting Samsung to Manufacture Xe GPUs?
www.anandtech.com/show/13445/tsmc-first-7nm-euv-chips-taped-out-5nm-risk-in-q2
"TSMC initiated high-volume manufacturing of chips using its first generation 7 nm fabrication process (CLN7FF, N7) in April. N7 is based around deep ultraviolet (DUV) lithography with ArF excimer lasers. By contrast, TSMC’s second-generation 7 nm manufacturing technology (CLN7FF+, N7+) will use extreme ultraviolet lithography for four non-critical layers, mostly in a bid to speed up production and learn how to use ASML’s Twinscan NXE step-and-scan systems for HVM"
The first generation of "7nm" coming from TSMC uses DUV, which is essentially the same immersion lithography we are using today with ArF excimer lasers, and have used for the last several nodes and honestly is nothing special really. The second generation will use EUV selectively for only 4 "non-critical" layers. The fact that they're specifically only using it for non-critical layers is indication that they still haven't worked the kinks out of it yet and are only using it in limited scenarios to better understand ASML's new tooling.
A lot of people don't understand just how massive a shift EUV represents (this isn't directed at you in particular btw, this is just for people's general knowledge). You're going from using a 193nm laser with refractory optics and immersion lithography to a 13.5nm beam which is literally absorptive by just about everything. That means first and foremost we go from using refractory optics to only reflective optics that are composed of 20+ alternating layers of molybdenum and silicon just to make sure we're managing to reflect most of the light. Immersion lithography is out because water absorbs this wavelength as well. These new machines also have to have the entire process run in a vacuum for the same reason. It isn't so much that I'm making a jab at AMD and TSMC as I am trying to highlight that this shift is fundamentally the biggest we've had literally ever. Photolithography started with i-line mercury lamps at 350nm, then went to KrF excimers at 248, then we hit the current ArF excimers at 193nm and we've been there since
MCM Xeons were just odd because they came just after the Ryzen 'glued together' hoopla.
Personaly, I don't look forward to DUV to end. Look at the statistics,
- We barely have enough photoscanners to run refractory lithography,
- By the time EUV kicks in, against disbelief, proportionally, we will initially need an inversely high count of photoscanners by its volume production ramp standards because we would have now switched to reflective lithography and excess component wear will surge demand for the pellicles like flies drop near an electric fly killer.
- Pellicle test stations, both used in DUV and EUV, will be much more important - their production units are already booked for the next 2.5 years - and with the rapid turnover of pellicles in EUV, rather than DUV, will highlight this exacerbation of EUV's inherent incompatibility to volume production even more.
Also, vacuum environment is a joke. Electron beams aren't light, per say, they're electromagnetic radiation. The moment they hit the pellicle, high energy radiation is reflected back from the layers, if only it was just as powerful and noninteractive. There is no vacuum for radiation. Maybe we can have quantum MR 'decapacitor' rings around the chamber stepping down the energy states within the cabinet in the future, though. I'm not discounting electron state deescalation, or its more general expression quantum magnetic effect - has been done in nuclear physics - however I have worries; eventhough suppressed electrons aren't helping to cool off the pellicle, that heat is still building up and will sooner or later warp the thing unless production slows. Now, the important question is: how do you cool, if you are in a vacuum?